ʻO nā ana, nā ana a me nā grottos lehulehu ma ke komohana hema o Tamaulipas ka mea kaulana no ka waiwai nui a me nā ʻano like ʻole o kā lākou holoholona, a me ka waiwai anthropological a me archaeological nui, no ka mea, he mau koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi kekahi o ka poʻe kahiko e noho ana ma ia wahi.
ʻO nā ana, nā ana a me nā grottos lehulehu ma ke komohana hema o Tamaulipas ka mea kaulana no ka waiwai nui a me nā ʻano like ʻole o kā lākou holoholona, a me ka waiwai anthropological a me ka archaeological nui, no ka mea, he koena kekahi o nā poʻe kahiko i noho ma ia wahi.
CAVE O ABRA A ME GRUTA DE QUINTERO
ʻO kēia mau lua ʻelua o ka Sierra del Abra a i ʻole Cucharas nō paha ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia a kipa nui ʻia hoʻi ma nā kaona o Antiguo Morelos a me El Mante ma muli o ko lākou kokoke i nā kapikala nui a me kā lākou maʻalahi. Ua ʻae ʻia kahi o nā pūnaewele ʻelua, i nā makahiki i hala aku nei, i nā hana mining e huki ai i ka guano a me ka phosphorite, no laila ua hoʻololi ʻia kā lākou kūlana kumu. He mea koʻikoʻi a hoʻololi hou ʻole ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka Gruta de Quintero, kahi i hōʻino ʻia ai ka hapa nui o nā hana limestone e nā mīkini i hoʻohana ʻia.
I nā lua ʻelua, hoʻopōʻino nā malihini kipa i nā ana ma o ka unuhi ʻana i nā ʻāpana o nā stalactite a me nā stalagmite ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomanaʻo a me ka waiho ʻana i kahi moʻolelo o kā lākou kipa ʻana ma nā paia, e luku ana i kekahi mau kekona i ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o nā makahiki he mau kaukani. Eia nō naʻe, kupaianaha ka Cueva del Abra ma muli o kona nui. I ka pau ʻana o ka 180 m lōʻihi loa o ke ala komo, ʻo ka skylight maoli nona ka mika 116 m i hoʻohaʻahaʻa hapa ʻia, no ka manawa mua, e nā cavers mai San Antonio, Texas, i ka makahiki 1956. I ka Quintero Gruta, 500 m o ka hele ʻana i lalo o ka honua a nānā i nā holoholona kupaianaha e noho ana ma laila. I ke ahiahi, ʻike ʻia kahi kolone o nā kahe insectivorous (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana a i ʻole Mexico coludo bat) e hele mai ana e hānai i nā wahi.
KE KAI HANAU
ʻO ka maikaʻi o ka wahi mākaʻikaʻi o ke kaona ʻo El Mante ʻo El Nacimiento, me kahi ʻano kūlohelohe e kahe ana ka muliwai Mante mai kahi ana ma ka wāwae o kahi pali pōhaku ma ke kumu o Sierra del Abra. ʻO ke ana hānau, kekahi o nā ana nui hohonu a hanohano o ka honua, i ʻike nui ʻia ma waena o ka honua iā Sheck Exley, nāna i haki nā pūkana luʻu ʻelua i ka hohonu hohonu i ka manawa i iho ai ʻo ia i ke ana. ʻO nā wai e kū mai ana mai kēia pūnāwai ke kumu o ka lako no ka ʻai ʻana o nā kamaʻāina o Ciudad Mante a no ka hoʻoulu wai ʻana i nā māla kō e hānai ana i ka ʻoihana kō kō kūloko.
NA MAKAHI EKAHI MA SIERRA DE CUCHARAS
ʻO nā lua nui ʻē aʻe i ke kaona o Antiguo Morelos nā ana ʻo Pachón, Florida a me Tigre, ʻo ia ka mea i makemake nui ʻia i ka ʻepekema, ʻoiai aia i loko o loko kahi loko o ka ʻāina i noho ʻia e kahi lehulehu o nā iʻa makapō mai ka genus Astyanax.
Ma ka hui o nā kaona o Mante, ʻo Ocampo a me Gómez Farías, ma ka hikina o ka lua o Servilleta, aia ma kahi o ʻono mau ana, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou he manawa pōkole wale nō. Ma muli o nā kiʻi o nā kiʻi pena o ke ana ma kona paia o loko, ua hoʻohana ʻia paha ia e nā India Huastec kahiko e noho ana i nā cūes (nā puʻu) aia ma kapa o ka muliwai ʻo Comandante. Ma kahi ʻākau iki, ma loko o ke kaona ʻo Gómez Farías a ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina o ka sierra, loaʻa iā mākou kahi helu maikaʻi o nā lua hoihoi e kokoke ana i ka Plan de Guadalupe ejido; ʻO kēia mau mea, ʻo ke ana ʻo Zapata ka mea i kipa ʻia a kupaianaha loa hoʻi, ʻoiai ke keʻa nui o ke ala i lalo e hele i kahi ʻāpana o ka mauna i hoʻomālamalama ʻia i ke ao e ʻekolu mau skylights i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ke ala. I nā ana ʻē aʻe he mau vestigament ceramic a me nā kiʻi pena o ke ana he nui loa.
Ma loko o nā wahi mauna o ka El Cielo Biosphere Reserve, kū mai nā ana ʻo Agua, Infiernillo, La Mina a me La Capilla; ʻo nā mea mua ʻelua, ma kahi o ka San José ejido, i ʻike ʻia e ka nui o kā lākou mau lumi a me ka nani o kā lākou mineral formations, a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻelua e ka ʻokoʻa kūlike ʻole o kā lākou troglobi.
ʻImi ʻia i nā ʻāpuʻu ʻo TAMAULIPECAN
ʻO nā ana ʻo Los Portales a me Romero, aia ma ka moku ʻo Cañón del Infiernillo, nā lua o nā waiwai anthropological a archaeological nui loa ma ia wahi. Nānā ʻia lākou ma 1937 e Javier Romero lāua ʻo Juan Valenzuela, nā lālā o ka National Institute of Anthropology and History i hoʻokumu hou ʻia, a ma 1954 e Richard S. MacNeish lāua ʻo David Kelly, nā lālā o ka National Museum of Canada. I loko o kēia mau kipa ʻelua, ua lawe ʻia nā koena o ke kanaka (mummies), nā mea lole fiber, nā laʻana o ke kulina, nā pi, nā ʻulaki, nā ipu hao a me nā keramika. Ua hōʻike ʻo kā MacNeish a me kā Kelly mau aʻo ʻana i ka wā moʻomeheu mua loa, ka wā Hell, mai ka makahiki 6500 BC.
OLELO HOOLAHA
Ma waho o nā pilikia e pili ana i ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi ana a grotto paha, he hana uku nui a pīhoihoi kēia i hiki iā mākou ke hana palekana inā lawa kā mākou ʻike a me nā lako pono. Pono kēia mau pūnaewele i ko mākou mahalo a me nā ʻano āpau, a ʻo ia ke kumu e kākau ai i ka ʻae o ke ana a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka mea ʻimi kūkaʻi ʻo Carlos Lazcano Sahagún: ʻO lākou nā paʻi o ko mākou wāwae, a ʻo ka mea a mākou e pepehi wale nei ka manawa. Makemake mākou i ka poʻe e kipa aku i nā ana i kahi a mākou i ʻike mua ai e ʻike iā lākou e like me kā mākou ʻike ʻana iā lākou: ʻaʻohe ʻōpala, ʻaʻohe kākau, ʻaʻohe ʻoki ʻana, ʻaʻohe hao wale; e manaʻo lākou e ʻike nei lākou i kahi mea hou ”.
Puna: Un Mexico Mexico No. 303 / Mei 2002
