ʻO nā mokupuni ʻo Galapagos kahi panalāʻau e bapetizo iā ʻoe iho i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka biodiversity honua. Mai hooki i ka hana ʻana i kēia mau mea he 15 ma ka pae ʻāina ʻo Ecuadorian kamahaʻo.
1. E luʻu a heʻenalu i ka mokupuni ʻo Santa Cruz
ʻO kēia mokupuni i kapa ʻia no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ke keʻa Kalikiano kahi noho o ka conglomerate kanaka nui loa ma Galapagos a me ka home o Darwin Station, ke kikowaena noiʻi nui ma nā mokupuni. Kūkulu pū kekahi ia i nā hilinaʻi waena o ka Galapagos Islands National Park.
Nui ka nui o nā honu, flamingo a me iguanas ka mokupuni ʻo Santa Cruz Island, a hāʻawi i nā wahi maikaʻi no ka heʻenalu ʻana a me ka luʻu ʻana.
I ka mangrove kokoke i ke kahakai kupaianaha o Tortuga Bay hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻauʻau e nānā ana i nā kuhukukū, nā iguanana kai, nā pāpaʻi he nui a me nā manō o ke ākea.
2. E hui me ka Charles Darwin Research Station
ʻO ke kahua ma ka honua i mua ma ke ʻano he hopena o ka odyssey nui o ka ʻO Solitaire George, ka hōʻike hope loa o ka Giant Pinta Tortoise, ka mea i hōʻole hōʻole i ka wahine me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe no 40 mau makahiki, a hiki i kona make ʻana i 2012, a lilo i mea ʻole.
Ua hala ma mua o 3 mau makahiki ke kamaʻāina Pelekane ʻōpio Pelekane nona ka inoa ʻo Charles Darwin ma ka pae ʻāina ʻo Galapagos, ma ka huakaʻi ʻelua o ka HMS Beagle, a he mea nui kāna mau ʻike i kāna Theory Revolution of Evolution.
I kēia manawa, ʻo Darwin Station, ma ka mokupuni ʻo Santa Cruz, ke kikowaena noiʻi nui o nā kaiāulu ʻo Galapagos.
3. E hoʻomanaʻo i nā paionia ma ka Mokupuni ʻo Floreana
I ka makahiki 1832, i ke aupuni mua o Juan José Flores, ua hoʻohui ʻo Ecuador i nā mokupuni ʻo Galapagos a ua kapa ʻia ka inoa o ke ono o ka mokupuni no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka pelekikena, ʻoiai ʻo Santa María kekahi i kapa ʻia, no ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana i ka helehelena a Columbus.
ʻO ia ka mokupuni mua i noho ʻia e kahi Kelemania wiwo ʻole, emulus o Robinson crusoe. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi hui liʻiliʻi i mua o ka Post Office Bay, no laila ua kāhea ʻia nā paionia ma o ka pahu i huki ʻē ʻia mai ka ʻāina a mai nā moku.
He nani kona lehulehu o nā flamingo a me nā honu kai. I ka Corona del Diablo, ke konee o ka luaipele i hoʻoweliweli ʻia, aia nā pākako me kahi meaola waiwai.
4. E nānā i nā iguanas ma ka moku ʻo Baltra
ʻO ka luna koa ʻEnelani Pelekane, ʻo Lord Hugh Seymour, ka mea i make i ka makahiki 1801, a kapa ʻia kahi mokupuni ʻo 27 kilomika kilomita ʻo Baltra, akā ua lawe ʻia ke kumu o ka inoa i kona lua kupapaʻu. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Baltra ʻo South Seymour.
Ma Baltra ke kahua mokulele nui o Galapagos, kūkulu ʻia e ka US i ke Kaua Honua II e hōʻoia i ka holo ʻole ʻana o nā moku Kelemania e huakaʻi i ke kai komohana o ka ʻāina.
I kēia manawa ua hoʻohana ʻia ke kahua mokulele e nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi, hiki ke ʻike i nā iguanas ʻāina hoʻohanohano ma Baltra.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Baltra ma kahi o 150 mau mika wale nō mai ka mokupuni ʻo Santa Cruz, e ke kahawai o ka wai aniani e holo ai nā waʻa mākaʻikaʻi i waena o nā liona kai.
5. Mahalo i ka cormorant lele ʻole ma Fernandina
ʻO ka mokupuni e hoʻolauleʻa nei i ka mōʻī Sepania ʻo Fernando el Catolico ke kolu o ka nui a he lua pele hana. I ka makahiki 2009, ua hū ka lua pele 1,494-mika kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka lehu, ka mahu a me ka pele, e kahe ana i kona mau pali a i loko o ke kai.
Ma ka mokupuni aia kahi pae o ka ʻāina i hōʻea i ke kai i kapa ʻia ʻo Punta Espinoza, kahi e ʻākoakoa ai nā iguanana kai i nā kolone nui.
ʻO Fernandina kahi nohona o ka cormorant lele ʻole a i ʻole cormorant o Galapagos, he holoholona ʻano ʻē e noho wale ana ma nā mokupuni a ʻo ia wale nō kekahi o kona ʻano i nalowale ka hiki ke lele.
6. Kū i ka equator loa o ka Honua ma ka mokupuni ʻo Isabela
ʻO Isabel la Católica kekahi mokupuni ona, ʻo ka mea nui loa ma ka pae ʻāina, me 4,588 km square, e hōʻike ana i 60% o nā panalāʻau a pau o Galapagos.
Hana ʻia ʻo 6 mau lua pele, 5 o lākou e ʻeleu ana, a me he mea lā e hana ana i hoʻokahi nui. ʻO ka lua pele kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka pae ʻāina ʻo Wolf, aia ia 1,707 mau mika ma luna o ka pae kai.
ʻO Isabela wale nō ka mokupuni ma ka pae ʻāina i kū i ka laina equatorial noʻonoʻo a i ʻole "degere zero" like o ka latitu.
Ma waena o kāna mau kānaka he ʻelua a ʻoi paha mau kānaka noho cormorants, frigates me ka umauma ʻulaʻula e hōʻike ana, nā boobies, nā canaries, nā lawaiʻa ʻo Galapagos, nā manu nūnū Galapagos, nā manuahi, nā flamingo, nā honu a me nā iguanas ʻāina.
He lawehala koʻikoʻi ʻo Isabela a hoʻomanaʻo ʻia kēlā manawa me ka Wall of Tears, kahi paia i kūkulu ʻia e nā paʻahao.
7. E ʻike i ka seagull e huli wale i ka pō ma ka mokupuni ʻo Genovesa
Pili nā inoa o nā Mokupuni Galapagos i nā mea nui i ka moʻolelo o ka huakaʻi hele i waho a mahalo kēia mokupuni i ke kūlanakauhale ʻItalia kahi i hānau ʻia ai ʻo Columbus.
He lua pele kona ma waenakonu ʻo Lake Arturo, me ka wai paʻakai. ʻO ia ka mokupuni me ka lehulehu o nā manu, a ua kapa ʻia ʻo "Mokupuni o nā Manu".
Mai kahi pāpū i kapa ʻia ʻo El Barranco, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā boobies wawae ʻulaʻula, nā boobies masked, nā ʻōpua pele, nā ale ale, nā ʻāpana a Darwin, nā ʻaila, nā nūnū, a me nā gull pepeiao kupaianaha, kū hoʻokahi me nā ʻano ʻimi holoholona i ka pō.
8. E hoʻopūʻiwa iā ʻoe iho i kahi ʻāpana o Mars ma ka Honua ma ka Mokupuni ʻo Rabida
ʻO ka Monastery o La Rábida, ma Palos de la Frontera, Huelva, kahi a Columbus i noho ai e hoʻolālā i kāna huakaʻi mua i ka Honua Hou, no laila ka inoa o kēia mokupuni.
He luaipele hana ia, ma lalo o 5 km km ʻāpana i ka wahi, a ʻo ka nui o ka hao i ka pele e hāʻawi i ka mokupuni i kona ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, me he mea lā he wahi paradisaacal o Mars ma ka Honua
ʻOiai ma nā mokupuni mamao ʻo Galapagos, aia ma kahi o hoʻokahi tausani km mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, aia kekahi ʻano laha e hoʻoweliweli i ke koena o ka biodiversity.
Ma Isla Rábida, pono e hoʻopau ʻia kahi ʻano kao, ke kuleana no ka luku ʻia ʻana o nāʻiole laiki, nā iguanas a me nā geckos.
9. E mahalo i ka Arch ma Darwin Island
ʻO kēia mokupuni liʻiliʻi ʻoi aku ma kahi o ka kilomika kilomika ka hopena o kahi lua pele luʻu a nalowale, e piʻi ana a he 165 mika ma luna o ka wai.
Ma mua o kahi km mai ke kai kūʻono aia kahi hale pōhaku i kapa ʻia ʻo Darwin Arch, kahi hoʻomanaʻo o ka Arch of Los Cabos ma Baja California Sur.
He wahi e hele pinepine ʻia e nā mea like, hāʻawi ʻia i kona ola kai waiwai, me nā kula nui o nā iʻa, nā honu kai, nā nūnū a me nā kukuna manta. Hoʻopili pū nō hoʻi kona wai i ka manō kohola a me ka piko ʻeleʻele.
ʻO Darwin Island kahi noho o nā sila, frigates, boobies, furriers, iguanas moana, gulls a me nā liona kai.
10. E kiʻi i ke kiʻi o The Pinnacle ma ka moku ʻo Bartolomé
Loaʻa ka inoa o ka mokupuni iā Sir James Sulivan Bartholomew, kahi luna o ka British Navy, kahi hoaaloha a hoa pili o Darwin ma kāna huakaʻi ʻepekema ma Galapagos.
ʻOiai ʻo 1.2 km wale nō ia, he home ia no kekahi o nā kia hoʻomanaʻo kūlohelohe o nā Pae ʻo Galapagos, ʻo El Pinnacle Rock, kahi kūkulu triangular ʻo ia ka mea i koe o ka puʻupuʻu lua pele kahiko.
Aia ma ka moku ʻo Bartolomé kahi kolone nui o ka penguin Galapagos a ʻauʻau nā mea ʻimi a me nā snorkelers i kā lākou hui. ʻO kekahi mea hoihoi o kēia mokupuni nā ʻano like ʻole o kona mau lepo, me nā leo ʻulaʻula, ʻalani, ʻeleʻele a me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
11. E nānā i ka meaola o ka North Seymour Island
Ua kū aʻe kēia mokupuni 1.9 km kuea ma muli o ka piʻina o ka pele mai kahi lua pele ma lalo o ka wai. Loaʻa iā ia kahi airstrip e keʻa iā ia ma kahi o kona lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO ka laha nui o kāna pīpī ka booby wawae kapuaʻi, nā gull earwig, nā iguanas ʻāina, nā liona kai a me nā frigates.
Ua iho mai nā iguanas ʻāina mai nā mea i lawe ʻia i lawe ʻia i nā makahiki 1930 mai ka moku ʻo Baltra e Kāpena G. Allan Hancock.
12. ʻAʻau i Isla Santiago
Ua bapetizo ʻia me ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka ʻāpana luna o Sepania a kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo San Salvador, ma hope o ka inoa i hāʻawi ʻia e Columbus i kahi mua i hiki ai ʻo ia i ʻAmelika.
ʻO ia ka hā o ka nui ma waena o nā mokupuni o ka pae ʻāina a ʻo kāna topography e hoʻomalu ʻia e kahi puʻupuʻu puʻu me nā ʻone liʻiliʻi a puni ia.
ʻO kahi o kāna mau wahi hoihoi loa ʻo Sullivan Bay, me nā papa pōhaku hoihoi o ka hoihoi a me nā wahi no ka ʻauʻau ʻana a me ka luʻu ʻana.
13. Kū ma kahi a Darwin i hōʻea ai ma ka mokupuni ʻo San Cristóbal
ʻO San Cristóbal kona mokupuni ma Galapagos no ka mea ʻo ia ka pale o nā huakaʻi a me nā luina. ʻO ia ka ʻelima o ka nui, me 558 km kuea a ma loko o Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, kahi kūlanakauhale ma kahi o 6 tausani mau kamaʻāina ʻo ia ke kapikala o ka pae ʻāina.
I loko o ka lua pele aia nā Laguna del Junco, ke kino nui o ka wai hou ma Galapagos. Ma kēia mokupuni ka pae mua o ka ʻāina a Darwin i hehi ai i kāna huakaʻi kaulana a hoʻomanaʻo kahi hoʻomanaʻo iā ia.
Ma waho o kāna meaola waiwai, he citrus a me nā māla kope ko ka mokupuni. Hoʻohui ʻia, he wahi ʻōlapa ia.
14. E ʻike i ka terroir o ʻO Solitaire George i Isla Pinta
ʻO kēia mokupuni kēia i kapa ʻia ma hope o kahi kope i ʻike ʻia ma 1971 ma ʻO Solitaire George, i ka manawa i manaʻo ʻia ua hala kā lākou laha.
ʻO ia ka mokupuni ʻākau loa o Galapagos a nona ka ʻāpana o 60 km kuea. He home ia no ka heluna nui o nā kuhukukū, i hoʻopili ʻia e ka hana luaʻi ikaika.
I kēia manawa e noho nei ma Isla Pinta he mau iguana kai, nā sila hulu, nā ʻulio pepeiao, nā ʻio a me nā manu ʻē aʻe a me nā mea hānai manu.
15. E ʻike e pili ana i ka mea pohihihi nui loa o ka pae ʻāina ma Isla Marchena
Ua inoa ʻia ma ka hoʻohanohano ʻana iā Antonio de Marchena, ka makuakāne o La Rábida a me ka mea hilinaʻi nui a kākoʻo pū o Columbus. ʻO ia ka mokupuni ʻehiku i ka nui a me kahi paradaiso no nā mea like ʻole.
ʻAʻole manaʻo kekahi e hālāwai me kahi "kaʻao kaona" ma Galapagos, akā ʻo kēia mokupuni ka wahi o ka mea pohihihi nui loa i ka moʻolelo o nā mokupuni.
I ka hala ʻana o 1920, ua noho ʻo Eloise Wehrborn, kahi wahine Austrian i kapa ʻia ka Empress of the Galapagos, ma Floreana Island.
He mau mea aloha ko Eloise, me kahi Kelemania ʻo Rudolf Lorenz. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Eloise a me kahi ipo ʻē aʻe no ka pepehi ʻia ʻana o Lorenz, e pakele ana me ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi ala. Ua ʻike ʻia ke kino o Lorenz me ke kupaianaha loa o ka mummified ma Isla Marchena. ʻO ke anuanu a me ka lehu pele e makemake i ka mummification.
