"E Comadre, ke make au, e hana i kahi hue mai loko o kaʻu pālolo. Inā make wai ʻoe i ka bebay inā pili ka honi o kāu charro i kou lehelehe"
ʻO ka charrería, kekahi o nā kuʻuna ʻoiaʻiʻo Mekiko maoli, kahi ʻāpana o ka moʻomeheu lāhui. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia me ka mahi holoholona a me nā hana o ke kula, ʻo ia ka charros kahu holoholona mua a me kā lākou mau kauā. Hoʻomaka kona mōʻaukala i ka manawa, i kēlā me kēia liʻiliʻi, ua hoʻokokoke nā Indians a me nā mestizos i nā lio a aʻo me ka maʻalahi a lākou i hōʻike ai e kiʻi i nā mea ʻē aʻe i kūlike ʻole i kā lākou moʻomeheu.
ʻAe ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka lio i nā Paniolo, ʻoiai pāpā ʻia ka poʻe ʻInikia a me nā mestizos; ʻoiai he mau keiki lākou na ka mōʻī, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke naita i ka ʻeha o ka make. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, he mau holoholo kaulana lākou, ʻoiai ma ʻEulopa.
ʻO ka lio i lawe ʻia mai e nā Sepania mai nā Antilles, kahi i hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻomohala i kahi ala kūikawā. I ka mua, ua kaupalena ʻia kona hānai ʻana i Sepania a me Creole; Eia nō naʻe, i nā hihia āpau e mālama pono nā Indians a me nā mestizos i nā holoholona āpau a no ka manuahi o nā lio, ua ʻike lākou he mea pono e hoʻomoe iā lākou, e holo iā lākou, e hoʻokala iā lākou, a pēlā aku, me ke kaula hiki iā lākou ke kaohi i nā lio. holoholona hihiu, a ʻo ia ka mea i koi ʻia ai ʻo Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza e hāʻawi i nā ʻae no nā Indians e holo ai, ʻoiai lākou e pale aku i ka ʻāina a mālama i nā holoholona.
ʻO ka lole charro, ma waena o kāna mau mele antecedents, nā kāhiko o nā holo lio Hispanic, nā mea i hana i nā lole kūleʻa maoli, keu hoʻi me nā mea nani, me nā kāhiko kālā a me nā gula. Wahi a kekahi poʻe mōʻaukala, ʻo kona kumu kumu i loko o ke kāhiko o Salamanca, Sepania, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo "charro".
Ua komo kūikawā nā charros i nā manawa mōʻaukala he nui ma Mekiko, ma nā hakakā a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maluhia, a mahalo i kā lākou hana i hoʻohui lākou i ko lākou kiʻi. No laila, i ka wā o ke Kaua o ke Kūʻokoʻa ua kākoʻo nui lākou a ua ʻike ʻia ʻo "keikikāne wīwī"; Ua ʻike ʻia lākou e ko lākou mākaukau i ka lawelawe ʻana i ke kaula a lākou e hoʻohana ai i nā aliʻi wahine i ka Bajío.
ʻO kahi hui nui "nā tamarindos", ʻo ia pū, me "ka haku" ʻo Juan Nepomuceno Oviedo, ka mea nona ka pā holoholona ʻo Bocas ma San Luis Potosí, i hakakā i ke kaua o Puente de Calderón a me ke kahua o Cuautla, kahi ma ke ala Ua make ʻo Oviedo.
ʻO kekahi mea i ʻike ʻia no kāna kāhiko charro ʻo Don Pedro Nava. ʻO kona mau lole komo me nā lole brekū uliuli me nā pihi kālā a me kahi kāʻei silika i kāhiko ʻia me nā kī gula, nā pulupulu deerskin me nā kaulahao kālā, nā kāmaʻa cowboy a me nā hao kila.
ʻO Maximiliano ke kanalua ʻole kekahi o nā mea hoʻolaha nui o ka hoʻopiʻi charro, ʻoiai ua hana ʻo ia i kekahi mau hoʻoponopono i ka mea maoli i mālama ʻia a hiki i kēia lā. Ua makemake ʻo ia i ka pālule pōkole, a ʻaʻohe kā hoʻi i kāhiko ʻia a me nā pālule paʻa paʻa kālā. ʻo ka pāpale i hoʻopiha i kona ʻaʻahu me ke kaila hao, i ulana ʻia i ke kālā, a ʻo ka shawl o nā mea like. Ma kāna huakaʻi, ua hele pū ka mōʻī me nā "poʻe holo lio." Ua komo ka lehulehu holoʻokoʻa i ko lākou lole me ka haʻaheo nui.
Hana ʻia nā sarapes a me jorongos, slang pants i ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo no nā luna, a me ka ʻulaʻula a me ka ʻeleʻele no nā limahana, a me nā pālule, nā pale wāwae a me nā pālule ʻili.
ʻO nā wahine i ulana i nā pālule o nā makuakāne, nā kaikunāne a me nā keikikāne me ka mea ʻono like a lākou i hana ai i kā lākou lole punahele. No laila, ua hoʻohui ʻia nā mea humuhumu like ʻole i nā pāpale e kūlike me ke koena o ka lole: nā kiʻi o nā pua, nā ʻaeto, pueo, nāhesa, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i loko o ke kālā a me ke gula, e like me nā ʻono a me nā mea hiki i ka mea ʻona.
He ʻelua mau hanana koʻikoʻi loa kēia kapa komo: ʻo ka mea i kūlike i ka manawa o Maximilian a ʻo ka mea i ala aʻe ma hope a ke hoʻomau nei a hiki i kēia lā, me kekahi mau hoʻololi, keu hoʻi e pili ana i ka pāpale.
Aia kekahi ʻano o nā hoʻopiʻi: ʻo ka mea no ka hana, ʻo ka mea maʻamau no nā hoʻokūkū; ka hapalua gala, ka mea i hoʻonani nui ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia no nā hoʻokūkū; ka lole gala, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ka lio, ʻaʻole hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana o nā hana; ʻo ka gala nui, nona ka hoʻohana e like me ka gala, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kūlana, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ke kapa komo. ʻO ka mea hope loa, aia ke kapa ʻaʻano a i ʻole ka lole maʻamau, ʻo ia ka mea nani loa a hoʻohana ʻia i nā hanana kūikawā loa, akā ʻaʻole ma ka lio.
ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻaʻahu ʻia ka lole charro i kekahi ʻano: aia kekahi mau lula kikoʻī no ke kau ʻana iā ia, a ua nānā pono ʻia e ka poʻe makemake e mālama i nā kuʻuna.
ʻO kahi ʻāpana nui o ka lole o ka charro nā spurs, ka mea kaulana loa o nā mea i hana ʻia ma Amozoc, Puebla ..., "nona ka peacock bass e holoi ʻole ai i ka manawa, a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hele hoʻomāinoino ...", e like me ka ʻōlelo kaulana. Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, mālama mau nā mea hoʻoilina i nā hoʻoilina o nā hoʻolālā ʻAlapia a me Sepania.
Pono ka lio e ʻaʻahu i ke kapa nani me ka pale kaua e kūlike me nā lole o ka mea nāna a me ka noho lio i hoʻololi ʻia ke kū hou nā hana hou me ka pipi. Pēlā nō, ua hana ʻia ka anquera, kahi mamo o ka gualdrapa, e like me ka enagüilla ʻili mānoanoa e uhi ana i ka ʻūlū o ka lio a kūpuni ʻia i kona ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa me nā kuʻi nani i hou ʻia a i ʻole nā "brincos", kahi i kapa ʻia ai kekahi mea hoʻonani "Higas" a me "kermes" i kapa ʻia e nā kamaʻāina he "walaʻau". ʻO ke kumu o kēia hoʻopili ʻana e kāpae i ke keiki keiki a hoʻonohonoho i kona ala; He mea maikaʻi loa e kōkua i kāu aʻo ʻana a pale iā ʻoe mai ka ʻāpana ʻana o nā bipi.
ʻO ka antecedent pehea i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka charrería, ma ke ʻano he hui nui, aia mākou i ka kenekulia 18, i ka wā o kahi pūʻali koa i kapa ʻia ʻo "Dragones de la Cuera" i kiaʻi i nā presidios mai Matagorda Bay, ma ke Kai Kūʻono, a hiki i ke kahawai ʻo Sacramento, i Kaleponi ʻĀkau. Pale aku lākou iā Sepania Hou mai ka hoʻouka kaua ʻāpana barbarian i ka makahiki 1730.
Kū kaʻili Suede mai nā lole o kēia mau koa, i kū ʻole i nā pua a lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he escahuipil mai ka wā ma mua o ka Hispanic.
He lole lima ko kēia lole a hiki i nā kuli; ua uhi ʻia i loko me ka ʻili hipa a ua hoʻokomo ʻia me ke kāʻei ʻili i kau ʻia ma ka umauma; Eia kekahi, ua humuhumu ʻia nā mea kaua o ke aliʻi ma luna o nā ʻeke ʻili.
Puna: Mexico i ka Manawa # 28 Ianuali / Pepeluali 1999
