Aia ma kahi o 2,600 mau mika ma luna aʻe o ka ʻilikai a me ke aniau "ʻo kekahi o nā anuanu loa ma ka ʻāina o nā mauna kai waena ʻo Mekiko", ke kūlanakauhale nui o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Mekiko kahi kūlanakauhale ʻeleu, nani a hoʻokipa. Hele mai a hui me ia!
Ua kapa ʻia ka heluna Matlatzinca ʻo Tollocan, ʻo ia hoʻi "Kahi e mahalo ai", a he kikowaena hanana nui kēia. ʻO ka poʻe ʻōiwi i noho i ke awāwa he ʻano loea no ka hana mahiʻai, ʻo ia ke kumu i waiho ai nā hale papaʻa o nā ʻemepela Mexico i hala. Ma hope o ka naʻi ʻana, ʻo Toluca kahi ʻāpana o ka Marquis o ke awāwa ʻo Oaxaca i hāʻawi ʻia iā Hernán Cortés e ka Mōʻī o Sepania ma 1529.
ʻO kona kokoke i ke kapikala o Mekiko (ʻo 64 wale nō mau mile ka mamao aku) i hoʻolilo iā Toluca ke kikowaena hōʻiliʻili mahiʻai o ka mea a mākou e ʻike nei he mokuʻāina ʻo Mekiko. I kona mau wahi, a ʻoiai ʻo ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ke ulu nei ke kulina, nā pi, chili, nā pīni ākea a me nā beets, i waena o nā huahana ʻē aʻe.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Toluca he kūlanakauhale ma 1677 a me ke kapikala o ka mokuʻāina i ka makahiki 1831. Ua komo mau ka poʻe kamaʻāina i nā hakakā o Mekiko no kona kūʻokoʻa a me kona hoʻohui ʻia ʻana, akā aia ia i ka manawa o Porfiriato, ma ka hopena o ka 19 a me ka mua o ka 20 mau kenekulia, i ka wā i loaʻa ai ka nui boom ma ke ʻano he kūlanakauhale ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana kalepa.
ʻO ka cereal, pia a me nā ʻoihana lole, ka panakō mokuʻāina, nāhelehele a me nā ʻano hana noʻeau a me nā hana noʻeau, a me kāna kula nui, ua hoʻolilo ia i kūlanakauhale nui me kahi wā e hiki mai ana.
ʻO Toluca, ke kapikala o ka mokuʻāina nui ma Mekiko, kahi kamaʻilio maikaʻi loa i nā wahi āpau o ka ʻāina ma o ka pūnaewele nui o nā alaloa. I kēia lā ʻo kāna kahua mokulele kūwaho ka ʻoi loa o ke ala ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe no Mexico City.
Aia ma 2,600 mau mika ma luna o ke kai, aia ke aniana o Toluca; ua hoʻonui nui ʻia kona mau palena kaona, no laila, ʻāpana o ia mau kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi kokoke.
I Toluca, hoʻohui like ka mōʻaukala a me ke au hou. Me kahi miliona a ʻoi paha mau kānaka, hāʻawi ia i nā lawelawe āpau o kahi kūlanakauhale hou, akā haʻaheo hoʻi i nā pūnaewele mōʻaukala he nui e kakali ana i ka mea kipa ma nā alanui, nā pā, nā luakini a me nā hale hōʻikeʻike e haʻi iā lākou e pili ana i ka wā kahiko waiwai.
E like me nā kūlanakauhale kahiko ma Mekiko, ua hoʻomohala ʻo Toluca a puni kāna plaza waena, i huki ʻia i nā manawa kolone, akā koe mau nā hale kūkulu hale. ʻO ka Plaza Cívica, i kapa ʻia ʻo "de los Mártires" no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka poʻe kipi i mōhai ʻia i ka wā o ke Kūʻokoʻa, he mea pono ke kipa ʻia. Ma kahi o ka square ka hale aliʻi, ka hale aliʻi a me nā keʻena kū kānāwai. Ma ka ʻaoʻao hema ke kū nei ka Hale Pule Nui o ka Manaʻo, i hoʻolālā ʻia i 1870, e hoʻokau nei no kāna hoʻolālā, e like me nā basilicas Roma kahiko, me kahi dome i kau ʻia e kahi kiʻi o Saint Joseph, ka haipule o ke kūlanakauhale. Hoʻopili ʻia i ka hale pule ka luakini o ka Papa ʻEkolu, i kahi ʻano baroque i mālama ʻia e mālama nui i nā hana noʻeau.
ʻO nā puka, i ka puʻuwai o ke kūlanakauhale, hana i kahi o nā hale kūʻai he nui o nā mea like ʻole, i waena o nā hale kūʻai o nā mea ono, kaulana a puni ka ʻāina, e like me ka waiū ham, nā lemona mea niu, marzipan, nā jellies, nā hua i hoʻomoʻa ʻia a me ka syrup, cocadas a me nā mea ʻono pome, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
ʻO kekahi mau ʻanuʻu mai ka square ʻo ka Botanical Garden, kahi e noho ai ka Cosmo Vitral kupaianaha o ʻaneʻane 2000 mika mika, kekahi o nā mea nui loa o ka honua, ka hana a ka Mekiko Leopoldo Flores. ʻO ke kumuhana o ke kīʻaha kīʻaha, i hana ʻia me ke akamai, ʻo ia ke kāne a me ke ao, ka lua ma waena o ka maikaʻi a me ka hewa, ke ola a me ka make, ka hana a me ka luku.
I loko o ka māla Botanical hoʻokahi, ma waena o kahi loko i hana ʻia a me ka wailele, hoʻokahi haneli tausani mau mea kanu o nā mea kanu i hiki ke mahalo ʻia, ʻaneʻane ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ka ʻepekema Kepanī ʻo Eizi Matuda, ka mea i uku ʻia me kahi ʻāpana keleawe. ʻO nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka hoihoi i Toluca nā luakini o Carmen, kahi o ka Papa ʻekolu o Kapalakiko a me ko Santa Veracruz, kahi e hoʻomana ʻia ai kahi Karistiano ʻeleʻele 16th.
KE KUMU MUA O KA MAKUA O KA AINA
ʻO ke kiʻi mua i kūkulu ʻia no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana iā Don Miguel Hidalgo ma Tenancingo. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia kēia kiʻi kālai ʻia i ka makahiki 1851 e Joaquín Solache a kālai ʻia mai kahi lua mai i ka ʻāina e ke kahuna o Tenancingo, ʻo Epigmenio de la Piedra.
AOLE E HALA
Inā ʻoe e hele i Toluca, mai haʻalele i ka manawa kūpono e ʻai i kahi pōpō ʻono ma ka "Vaquita Negra", kahi tortería me nā makahiki he 50 a ʻoi o ka ʻike, aia ma nā puka, ma Hidalgo ma ke kihi o Nicolás Bravo, ma waenakonu. Nui nā mea ʻai, akā ʻo ka "toluqueña" a i ʻole ka "diabolō", i hana ʻia no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i nā Diabolō Ulaula o Toluca, he mea ʻokoʻa ia, no ka mea, hana ʻia me ka chorizo hale.
