I ka manawa o 1971 ka nūhou e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kiʻi nui o nā wahine a me nā akua wahine i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka pālolo i hoʻolaha ʻia i waena o nā poʻe mahiʻai i noho a puni ka Laguna de Alvarado, ma ke kaona ʻo Ignacio de la Llave, Veracruz.
Ua ʻike ka poʻe āpau he waiwai nui kēia ʻāina i nā koina archaeological; I kēlā me kēia manawa, i ka wā e ʻōʻō ʻia ai ka honua a ʻeli paha i nā ʻauwaha e kūkulu hale a i ʻole e hoʻouka i nā ʻauwaha, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana o nā moku a me nā figurine i kanu pū ʻia me ka mea i make mai ka wā ma mua o ka Hispanic. Akā ua kamaʻilio ka nūhou i kekahi mea kū ʻole.
ʻOiaʻiʻo: ma hope koke iho o ka hōʻea ʻana o nā archaeologists mai ke Kulanui ʻo Veracruzana i ka ʻāina, ua ʻike lākou i kekahi poʻe kamaʻāina o ia wahi i kapa ʻia ʻo El Zapotal, aia ma ke komohana o ka Alvarado Lagoon, i hana ai i nā ʻimi pohihihi i kahi puʻu, ʻo kekahi o lākou a i 15 mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe; Ua bapetizo ʻia lākou e nā poʻe e like me nā puʻu o ka moa a me ka moa, a ma luna pono o kahi paepae ma waena o nā puʻu ʻelua i kau ai kekahi i kā lākou mau ʻāpā, ke ʻike nei lākou i ka mea e kamaʻilio nui ʻia e pili ana i ka terracotta.
Ua alakaʻi ka ʻālapa hulihonua ʻo Manuel Torres Guzmán i ka mākaʻikaʻi i loko o kekahi mau kau i uhi i kēlā mau makahiki o ka 1970, ke loaʻa nei nā mea i kahaha nui loa. I kēia manawa ʻike mākou ua pili ka loaʻa i kahi wahi hoʻāno i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ke akua o ka poʻe make, kahi i mōhai ʻia ai ka lehulehu o nā kiʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka pālolo, a ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneli mau kānaka, ʻo ia ka ʻāpana hoʻolewa paʻakikī a maikaʻi loa a mākou e mālama nei i nā nūhou.
ʻO kēlā mōhai nui, ka mea i uhi ʻia i nā papa stratigraphic, hoʻolaʻa ʻia ia no ka haku o ka poʻe i make, nona ke kiʻi, hoʻohālikelike ʻia hoʻi i ka pālolo, me ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole o ka ʻai ʻana. ʻO ke akua a Nahuatl i ʻōlelo ai i kapa ʻia ʻo Mictlantecuhtli e noho ana ma luna o kahi noho aliʻi hanohano, a ua hoʻopili ʻia ke kua i loko o ka pale poʻo nui i kau ʻia e nā numen, kahi o nā iwi poʻo kanaka i ʻike ʻia a me nā poʻo o nā moʻo weliweli a me nā jaguars.
Ma mua o kēia kiʻi, kahi ola weliweli a mahalo ʻia e noho nei i ka manawa like: ka makaʻu i ka make a me ka leʻaleʻa o ka nani i loko o ko mākou naʻau ke noʻonoʻo ʻia kēia hōʻike kupaianaha o ka wā ma mua o ka Hispanic no ka manawa mua. ʻO ka mea i mālama ʻia kahi ʻāpana o kahi hoʻāno, nona nā paia ʻaoʻao i hoʻonani ʻia me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā huakaʻi a nā kāhuna ma kahi ʻulaʻula, a me ke kiʻi o ke akua, kona noho aliʻi a me kona pāpale; mālama ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana i pena ʻia i ke kala like.
ʻOiai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o mua o ka Hispanic Mexico e kū ana nona, ʻo ka haku o ka mea i make ka mea nui a me ka hui ʻana o ke ola a me ka make, a no ia mea ua koho ʻia ʻo ia me he make ʻole; Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana o kona kino, kino, nā lima a me ke poʻo me ka ʻiʻo ʻole o ka ʻili, e hōʻike ana i nā hono o nā iwi, ka iwi ʻaoʻao a me ka iwi poʻo. ʻO kēia kiʻi o El Zapotal, ke akua, he mau lima, nā wāwae a me nā wāwae me ko lākou mau ʻiʻo, a ʻo nā maka, i hana ʻia i kekahi mea i nalowale, ua hōʻike mai i ka nānā pono o ka nume.
Ua ʻike mua mākou i kahi kiʻi o ka haku o ka poʻe i make, i ʻike ʻia ma kēia wahi waena o Veracruz, ma ke kahua o Los Cerros, a ʻoiai ʻo nā ana liʻiliʻi he kumu hoʻohālikelike ia no ka haku hana a kēia mau mea pena kiʻi kahakai. Hōʻike ʻia ʻo Mictlantecuhtli i kahi noho me ke kino iwi āpau, koe wale no kona mau lima a me kona mau wāwae; hoʻonui ʻia kona hierarchy kiʻekiʻe e ka headdress conical nui.
Ma El Zapotal, ʻike ʻia ka ʻike a nā archaeologists e hōʻike ana i ka paʻakikī i ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā mōhai. Ma kahi kiʻekiʻe ma luna o kahi hoʻāno o ka Haku o ka poʻe make, aia ma kahi hohonu, ʻehā mau kanu kanu ʻelua i loaʻa, kahi i kū ai nā kiʻi ʻakaʻaka, ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi o lākou, me nā kiʻi pālolo liʻiliʻi e hōʻike ana. holoholona.
Ma luna o kēia pūʻulu, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hui o nā kiʻi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka pālolo, e hana hou ana i nā kāhuna, nā mea pāʻani kinipōpō, a pēlā aku, a me nā hōʻike liʻiliʻi o nā jaguar ma nā huila. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha loa ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi ʻano ossuary o nā ana kupaianaha, a i kekahi mau hihia i piʻi i ka 4.76 mika i ke kiʻekiʻe, a ma ke ʻano he kuamoʻo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo, ua haku ʻia i nā iwi poʻo he 82, nā iwi lōʻihi, nā iwi ʻaoʻao a me nā iwi ʻaoʻao. .
Ma kahi kokoke aku i ka ʻili, i ka mea i wehewehe ʻia i ka archaeologically ma ke ʻano he papa ʻelua a i ʻole stratum moʻomeheu, ua loaʻa ka lehulehu o nā kiʻi kālai pālolo, o nā ʻano liʻiliʻi a me ka waena, o ke kaila noʻeau i wehewehe ʻia ma ke ʻano he "kiʻi me nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi". e hōʻike ana i ke kiʻi o ke kahuna e hāpai ana i kahi jaguar ma kona kua, ʻelua mau mea e halihali nei i kahi pahu kuʻuna a me ka hiʻohiʻona o kahi mea haipule o ke akua ua. Me he mea lā ʻo ka manaʻo o ka poʻe nāna i hāʻawi ka mōhai e hana hou iā lākou iho i ka manawa nui o ka hana.
I ka stratum mua ke aupuni o ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Cihuateteo ka mea nui, nā hiʻohiʻona o nā akua wahine, me nā torsos hakahaka a ʻaʻahu ʻia me nā headdresses zoomorphic a me nā pālule lōʻihi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me nā kāʻei o nā nahesa. Hōʻailona lākou i ka honua, ka mea e uhi i ke aupuni o ka honua i lalo, a ʻo ia ka synthesive o ka momona wahine e hoʻokipa pū kekahi i ke kino o ka mea i make i kā lākou ala mua i ke ala o ka pouli.
Puna: Nā Paukū o ka Mōʻaukala Helu 5 Na Lordships o ke Kai Kūʻono / Kekemapa 2000
