E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau manu pīhoihoi ...
KA MOKUAHI BIOLOGICAL O MEXICO
Ua hauʻoli ʻo Mekiko i kahi kūlana kūpono e pili ana i ka waiwai o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā ʻano meaola. No ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi manaʻo no kēia kūlana nui a kupaianaha o ka ʻāina, he mea nui e ʻike ʻo ka Lepupalika ʻo Mekiko kekahi o nā ʻāina ʻelima me ke kapikala nui o ka honua i ka honua. ʻO Mekiko kahi ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻano nohona ʻāina, no ka mea he eiwa ia o 11 mau wahi i ʻike ʻia no Latin America, a ma nā ʻano o nā wahi kaiola he 51 o kēia mau ecoregions. E pili ana i nā ʻano, ua like ka nui o ka waiwai o Mekiko. Kū ka ʻāina ʻehā i ka honua i ka helu o nā mea kanu a me nā ʻano amphibian. ʻO ia ka lāhui me ka helu nui o nā mea kolo a me ka helu ʻelua i ka momona o ka wai kai a me ka ʻāina, a kū i ka ʻumikūmālua o ka honua me nā ʻano manu like ʻole o nā manu hihiu, mai nā herona a me nā cormorants a hiki i nā hummingbirds, nā manu liʻiliʻi a, ma mua o nā mea āpau, nā ʻoka. , nā ʻoka, nā pāʻakai a me nā macaws.
NA MUA A ME NA MANU HUI
Ua koho ʻia ma Mekiko ka nui o nā ʻano manu manu ʻāhiu ma kahi o 1,136. No kēia mau mea, he 10% ka hopena, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻomohala wale lākou i ka ʻāina āpau, no laila ke kuleana o ka honua āpau no ka mea e loaʻa iā lākou. wahi laha. Pēlā nō, 23% o nā manu i kū i ka ʻāina e hana pēlā no ka manawa pōkole, ʻo ia hoʻi, he neʻe lākou, he poʻe noho hoʻoilo a i ʻole kūhewa. Eia nō naʻe, ke nalowale nei mākou i kēia waiwai o nā manu i kā mākou Mexico, a ma ka laulā o kāna waiwai olaola, ma muli o nā kumu e like me ka ululāʻau, ka hoʻohana pono ʻole ʻana o nā mea ola, haumia, ka luku ʻia o nā pūnaewele pūnana, ka hoʻomaʻau pololei, a pēlā aku. . Minamina, ʻo Mekiko kekahi o nā wahi me nā pākēneka kiʻekiʻe loa o ka ululāʻau ʻana o kāna mau ululāʻau a me nā ululāʻau i ka honua, a ʻo ia ka ʻumikūmākahi o ka honua me nā ʻano manu e ʻaneʻane pau. Ma kahi o 71 mau ʻano manu, i waena o nā aeto ʻē aʻe, nā hummingbirds, nā ʻoka a me nā macaws e makaʻu nei i ka make ma ka Lepupalika ʻo Mekiko, a he 338 mau ʻano ʻē aʻe i helu ʻia i kekahi mahele o ka makaʻu o ka nalo inā kaiāulu holoʻokoʻa (ka poʻe a me nā luna. ) ʻaʻole lawe i ka hana e hōʻoki i kēia kūlana.
PARROTS AND MEXICAN CULTURE
Mai ka wā ma mua o ka Hispanic, ʻo nā ʻoka a me nā manu ʻē aʻe i pili i ka moʻomeheu Mekiko. ʻO kēia kahi e ʻike ai iā ia i nā ʻano hana like ʻole a me nā hoʻohanohano ʻana i hāʻawi ʻia ai nā ʻoka. I nā manawa i hala iho nei, ʻike ʻia kēia i nā ʻano like ʻole a i nā mele moʻomeheu kaulana e like me La guacamaya, na Cri Cri, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. Eia nō naʻe, he nui ka poʻe i ʻona a makemake paha e lilo i ʻākoʻaka, parakeet a i ʻole macaw ma ke ʻano he holoholona.
Ua kūʻai ʻia ʻo Psittacines ma Mekiko i mau kenekulia. Aia he hōʻike e mai ka wā 1100 a i ka 1716 mau hui lāhui ma ʻAmelika Hema, e like me ka Pimas ma ʻAlikona, ua hoʻololi i nā pōhaku ʻōmaʻomaʻo no nā macaws ola (ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka ʻulaʻula) me nā moʻomeheu Mesoamerican. Ua makemake lākou i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻole a hou e hiki ke maʻalahi i ka home.
Ke hoʻonui nei ka hoihoi kūikawā i nā ʻoka mai ka wā o ka naʻi aupuni; ʻO kēia ka mea nui o ka uʻi nui, kona plumage kala, ka hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i ka ʻōlelo a ke kanaka a me kāna ʻano e hana i nā pilina pili me nā poʻe, nā ʻano e hāʻawi iā lākou i waiwai e like me nā holoholona a me nā manu kāhiko. E hoʻomaka ana i ke kenekulia 16, ua lilo a kaulana nā ʻoka i waena o nā poʻe Mekiko, ʻo ka hapanui he holoholona hānai.
Ma loko o ke kenekulia 20, kēia kālepa ikaika, me ke kālepa kū ʻole i ke kānāwai (ka mākeke ʻeleʻele), ka hopena ma waena o 1970 a me 1982 ʻo Mexico ka mea kūʻai nui manu nui loa no ke kālepa holoholona hānai mai nā ʻāina Neotropic, e lawe ana i ka awelika o 14 500 mau ʻeka Mekiko i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka manu manu aupuni, hoʻokani ko mākou ʻāina i ke alahaka ma waena o Central a me ʻAmelika Hema no ka mākeke holoholona kū ʻole ke kānāwai, ʻoiai e hoʻohana ana i ka palena ākea ma waena o Mexico a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi e mahalo nui ʻia ai nā ʻoka a kiʻekiʻe koi e like me nā holoholona.
I loko o ka manawa mai 1981 a 1985, lawe mai ka United States i ka palena iki o 703 tausani mau ʻoka; a ʻo ka makahiki 1987 ʻo Mekiko ka waiwai nui loa o nā pōʻai manu o nā manu ʻāhiu.
Ua manaʻo ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma kahi o 150 tausani mau manu, ʻoi loa nā ʻoka, i hoʻopulapula ʻia ma ka palena ʻākau. ʻO kēia me ka poina ʻole o ka mākeke kūloko no nā manu hihiu ma Mekiko he mea nui nō hoʻi ia, mai ka makahiki 1982 a i ka 1983 104,530 mau ʻoka i hopu ʻia ma Mekiko i hōʻike ʻia no ka mākeke kūloko. Ma muli o kahi mea i luna aʻe nei, ua hoʻopili ikaika ʻia ka lehulehu o nā ʻāhiu ʻāhiu o ka ʻāina.
Puna: Un Mexico Mexico No. 317 / Iulai 2003
