Inā kuhi kekahi mea i ka mōʻaukala o ka Pimería Alta, ʻo ia nā piʻi antagonistic o lalo a me nā iho o nā hana kūkulu a me nā pōʻino, kahi e hōʻike ai i kāna ʻano hoʻomana haipule.
ʻO ka manaʻo nui o ka moʻolelo no kēia moʻolelo ʻo Father Kino. No laila, he nui a kala hoʻi ka hoʻoilina Franciscan. He kakaikahi ka mea i koe o ka Jesuits, a ʻo ka makuakāne Kino kekahi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi kuhi hewa i ka huaʻōlelo nuʻukia. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mikiona ka hana e pili ana i ka manaʻo euanelio: kahi papahana o ka lāhui. A i kēia ʻano, ʻoi aku ka hoʻoilina o Eusebio Francisco Kino ma mua o ka mea a mākou e wehewehe ai ma aneʻi.
ʻO ka hale pule ma ke kaona ʻo Tubutama, ma ke kūkulu ʻākau o Sonora, me kona ʻano kiʻi ʻano baroque, me he mea lā e hūnā i loko o kona paia i ka mōʻaukala ikaika o nā mikiona Pimería Alta.
ʻO ka luakini mua o Tubutama kahi ala maʻalahi i kūkulu ʻia e Father Eusebio Francisco Kino i kāna kipa mua ʻana ma 1689. Ma hope ua hele mai kekahi mau hana maʻalahi loa i lilo i kekahi hanana kupaianaha: kahi kipi a nā Pimas, kahi hoʻouka kaua a nā Apache, ka lahilahi. nā mikionali, ka wao nahele ʻaʻano ʻole ... ʻO ka hope, ua kūkulu ʻia ka hale o kēia manawa ma waena o 1770 a me 1783, i hala nā kenekulia he ʻelua.
KAUAHI IESUIT
Ua mākaʻikaʻi ʻo Kino, i waena o nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, kokoke i ka Pimería Alta holoʻokoʻa: kahi e like ai ka nui me ʻAsuria a me Kuikilana pū, e komo ana ma ka ʻākau ʻo Sonora a me ka hema o ʻAlikona. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea āna i hana nui ai ma ke ʻano mikionali, he panalāʻau ia e kokoke ana i ka hapalua o ka nui, a ʻo Tucson kona mau palena, ma ka ʻākau; ka muliwai ʻo Magdalena a me kona mau mea lawelawe, ma ka hema a me ka hikina; a ʻo Sonoyta, i ke komohana. I loko o kēlā panalāʻau i hoʻokumu ai ʻo ia i ʻumikūmālua mau mikiona, he aha nā koena o kēlā mau hale? Wahi a nā mea noiʻi he nui, nā ʻāpana o nā paia wale nō i ka mikiona a Nuestra Señora del Pilar a me Santiago de Cocóspera.
ʻAʻohe mea ʻo Cocóspera ma mua o kahi hale pule i haʻalele ʻia no 150 mau makahiki. Aia ia ma kahi o ka hapalua - a ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke alaloa - ma waena o Ímuris a me Cananea, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka palena hikina o Pimería Alta. E ʻike wale ka mea kipa i ke ʻano o ka luakini me ka uhi ʻole o ka hale a me nā mea hoʻonaninani. ʻO ka mea hoihoi e pili ana i kēlā wahi, eia nō naʻe, he mau hale ʻelua lākou i hoʻokahi. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao i loko o nā paia, ʻo ka adobe maʻamau, kūlike ia, i kā lākou ʻōlelo, i ka luakini i hoʻolaʻa ʻia e Kino i ka makahiki 1704. ʻO nā pāpale kapu a me nā mea hoʻonaninani i waho i waho, me ka puka e kākoʻo ʻia i kēia lā e kahi scaffold, no ka hana hou ʻana a Franciscan i hana ʻia ma waena o 1784 a me 1801.
Ma nā pāpū ʻo Bízani, kahi kahua 20 km ma ke komohana hema o Caborca, aia kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka luakini misionari o Santa María del Pópulo de Bízani, i kūkulu ʻia ma waenakonu o ke kenekulia 18. ʻO kekahi mea e hōʻeuʻeu ai ka hōʻike ma Oquitoa, kahi o ka nuʻukia kahiko o San Antonio Paduano de Oquitoa. I kēia kaona, 30 km ma ke komohana hema o Átil, mālama maikaʻi ʻia ka hale pule a hoʻohana ʻia nō naʻe. ʻOiai ʻike ʻia ua "nani" ia i loko o nā makahiki he umi i hala o ka 18 kenekulia, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ʻoi aku ka nui o ka Jesuit ma mua o Franciscan. ʻO ka hale i kūkulu ʻia ma kahi paha o ka makahiki 1730, he "pahu kāmaʻa", ke kumu hoʻohālike i ukali ʻia e ka Jesuits i loko o nā hanana incipient o nā mikionali o komohana komohana o Mexico: nā paia pololei, kaupaku pā o nā kaola a me nā lālā i uhi ʻia me nā mea like ʻole (mai manure a hiki i nā pōhaku lepo), a ʻoiai ua ʻike ʻia ua kāpili liʻiliʻi nā Franciscans i nā laina kuʻi o ka puka, ʻaʻole lākou i kūkulu i hale kia bele: i kēia lā e hoʻomau ka poʻe kūpaʻa i ke kāhea ʻana i nā mahalo i ka belfry ma ke ʻano he nani ia ma luna o ke alo. .
PALAPALA FRANCISCAN
ʻO ka laʻana e kū pono ana i ka luakini ʻo Oquitoa ka hale pule o San Ignacio (ʻo San Ignacio Cabórica ma mua), he kūlanakauhale 10 km ma ka ʻākau hikina o Magdalena. He hale Jesuit kekahi ia (i hana ʻia e ka makuakāne kaulana ʻo Agustín de Campos i ke kolu mua o ke kenekulia 18) ma hope, ma waena o 1772 a me 1780, i hoʻololi ʻia e ka Franciscans; akā ma aneʻi ua lanakila ka Franciscan ma luna o ka Jesuit. Loaʻa iā ia nā hoʻāʻo ma nā hale pule ʻaoʻao, he hale bele paʻa kāna a me kona kaupaku i uhi ʻia; ʻAʻole ia he, ma ka pōkole, he hale pule no neophytes, a ʻaʻole hoʻi me kahi nuʻukia i hoʻokumu hou ʻia.
Ma ke kaona ʻo Pitiquito, 13 km hikina o Caborca, ka luakini kahi hana Franciscan i hana ʻia ma waena o 1776 a me 1781. Aia i loko o kahi mau fresko ma hope iki, me nā kiʻi a me nā hōʻailona o ko mākou Lede, nā ʻelele ʻehā, kekahi mau ʻānela. , Satana a me ka Make.
ʻO nā luakini o San José de Tumacácori, ma ʻAlikona (ma kahi o 40 km ma ka ʻākau o Nogales), a me Santa María Magdalena, ma Magdalena de Kino, Sonora, i kūkulu ʻia e nā Franciscans a hoʻopau ʻia ma hope o ke Kūʻokoʻa.
ʻO nā hale nani loa i hiki ke loaʻa ma Pimería Alta nā hale pule Franciscan ʻelua: San Javier del Bac, ma waho o nā Tucson (Arizona) o kēia manawa, a me La Purísima Concepción de Nuestra Señora de Caborca (Sonora). Ua hoʻokō ʻia ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā mea ʻelua e ka haku Mason like, ʻo Ignacio Gaona, ka mea nāna lāua i hana i māhoe lāua. ʻAʻole lākou e pīhoihoi ma muli o ka nui, like lākou me nā hale pule ʻē aʻe mai ka wā hope loa o ke kūlanakauhale liʻiliʻi ma waena o Mexico, akā inā ʻoe e manaʻo ua kūkulu ʻia lākou i ʻelua mau kaona liʻiliʻi ma ka lihi o New Spain (San Javier ma waena o 1781. a me 1797, a me Caborca ma waena o 1803 a me 1809), nānā lākou nunui. ʻOi aku ka lahilahi o San Javier ma mua o ka Immaculate Conception, a he papa nani o nā kuahu Churrigueresque kupaianaha i hana ʻia i ka puna. ʻO ka hale pule ʻo Caborca, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ma mua o kona kaikuahine ma muli o ka nui o ka symmetry o kona waho.
Inā ʻoe e hele i PIMERÍA ALTA
Aia kahi hui mua o nā kūlanakauhale me nā mikiona kahiko ma ke komohana ʻākau o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Sonora. Mai Hermosillo hele i ke ala nui no. 15 iā Santa Ana, 176 km ma ka ʻākau. ʻO Pitiquito a me Caborca ma ke alaloa pekelala no. 2, 94 a me 107 km i ke komohana. Mai ke kuahu –21 km ma ka hikina o Pitiquito– e lawe i ka ʻaoʻao paʻewa i Sáric, i kahi o 50 km mua e ʻike ai ʻoe i nā kaona o Oquitoa, Átil a me Tubutama
ʻO ka hui ʻelua o nā kaona ma ka hikina o ka mua. ʻO Magdalena de Kino kāna wahi e hoihoi ai, 17 km mai Santa Ana ma ke alaloa no. 15. ʻO San Ignacio he 10 km ma ka ʻākau o Magdalena, ma ke alaloa manuahi. E hele ai i Cocóspera pono ʻoe e hoʻomau i Ímuris a ma laila e hele i ke ala aupuni pekelala no. 2 e alakaʻi ana iā Cananea; nā wahi i wāwahi ʻia o ka nuʻukia ma kahi o 40 km ma mua, ma ka ʻaoʻao hema.
Ma ʻAlikona, ka Tumacácori National Monument a me ke kaona ʻo San Javier del Bac 47 a 120 km ʻākau o ka palena palena ʻo Nogales. ʻO nā helu ʻelua ma kahi ʻaoʻao o ka Interstate No. 19 e hoʻohui nei iā Nogales me Tucson, a he mau hōʻailona maopopo ko lākou.
