ʻO ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Querétaro, i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Iulai 15, 1532, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ke kolu o nā kūlanakauhale nui loa o Nūi Sepania mahalo i kona wahi hoʻonohonoho ʻāina, kahi kūlana i ʻae iā ia e hana ma ke ʻano he kikowaena lako no nā wahi mining nui a puni ia.
Ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi kūlanakauhale ma lalo o kahi alo ʻōiwi ikaika, ua hui pū ʻia ia i mea noʻeau a wehewehe ʻia i kāna ʻano ponoʻī nā mana o ka naʻi aupuni, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea mai ka hema o Sepania, kahi a Mudejar kuhikuhipuʻuone i waiho ai i kahi aʻo hohonu.
Ua hōʻea ʻo Querétaro i kona nani i ke kenekulia ʻumikūmāwalu, i ka manawa i noho ai nā kauoha haipule he ʻumikūmāwalu i loko o ka mea i kūkulu i kēia hale kuhikuhina nui e hiki ai iā mākou ke mahalo i kēia lā a alakaʻi ʻia e hoʻolaha ʻia i hoʻoilina moʻomeheu kanaka ma o UNESCO ma 1996.
Pono ia e hele ma waena o ka Historic Center o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Querétaro, mai ka Sangremal a i ka luakini ʻo Santa Rosa de Viterbo, a mai kāna Alameda a i ka kaiāulu ʻo Otra Banda, kahi e noho ai nā wahi o ka wā i hala me kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale. mana loa i ka ʻāina. ʻAʻole hiki ke nalo i nā kia hoʻomanaʻo e hiki mai ana ma kēia huakaʻi: ʻo ka Aqueduct, kahi hana nui o ka hoʻolālā kūloko i ʻae ʻia e lawe i ka wai mai nā pūnāwai a hiki i ka hikina o ke kūlanakauhale a hoʻohui i ka hoʻomohala olakino o ke kūlanakauhale i ka kenekulia 18, i hoʻomaka ma 1723. na ka Marquis o Villa del Villar del águila; ʻO kāna 72 mau kia kai, ka nui o lākou 23 m kiʻekiʻe, a me 13 m mau aniani, alakaʻi i ka wai i kahi ʻōnaehana o nā punawai lehulehu e mālama mau ʻia, e like me ko ka Liona, i ka hale konahiki Franciscan o Santa Cruz. , Aia i ke kiʻekiʻena o ke kūlanakauhale a me ka palena o ka wai wai. Ma waena o kēia mau kumuwaiwai, kū aʻe kekahi o Neptune no kona ʻano, ma ke atrium o ka luakini o Santa Clara (Madero a me Allende); ʻo kāna kiʻi kiʻi (kope, aia ke kumu ma ka Halealiʻi o ke kulanakauhale) i ʻōlelo ʻia no kahi Karistiano i hoʻololi ʻia i Neptune, kahi e lawe ai i kona inoa. He mea pono ke kipa aku i ka Hanged Fountain ma ke alanui Zaragoza, ke alanui Santo Domingo a me ka Fuente a Hebe ma ka Benito Zenea Garden.
Ma waena o nā hale kuʻuna e kū ana i waho ka hale o nā Royal House, aia ma ke kahua nui, ka Hale Aliʻi Aupuni e kū nei, kahi mai kahi a ka corregidora, ʻo Mrs. Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez, e hāʻawi nei i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka neʻe ʻana o ke kūʻokoʻa. Ma kēia pākaukau like ka Casa de Ecala e waiho nei, ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana, me kahi pā pohaku nani i kālai nani ʻia. Ua kapa ʻia ka Punawai o nā ʻīlio no kona mau punawai me nā ʻīlio ʻehā, kahi e hoʻokumu ai i ke kolamu e kākoʻo i ka effigy o ka mea kōkua o Querétaro, ka Marqués de la Villa del Villar del Águila. Ke hele nei i ke ala Biombo kahiko (i kēia lā ʻo Andador 5 de Mayo) ʻike mākou i ka hale o Conde de Regla a i ʻole House o nā Piko ʻElima, me kāna lānai nani o nā "aria polylobed" a me kahi hana kupaianaha ma ka pōhakuʻaliʻi o ka pio e hoʻopaʻa ana i ka ke komo ʻana i ka portico, a ʻo ka railing nani hoʻi, ka hana o ka hana Palani mai ka 19 kenekulia. ʻIke pū mākou i ka Casa de la Marquesa, kahi laʻana o ke kāhiko "Mudejar" i hoʻonani nani ʻia, i kēia lā i hoʻohuli ʻia i hōkele; Kupaianaha kona ipuka a me kāna mau hoaka hoʻopunipuni e hoʻopili ai i ka lānai.
Kū ʻo Querétaro no kāna mau pahu, nā alanui a me nā mansions, no laila ke ʻōlelo ʻia e kipa i kāna ʻōnaehana o nā square, kahi o ka hapa nui o kēia mau hale e waiho nei. Hoʻohui ʻia nā pāhaʻi e nā ala pōpō nani (nā pōhaku ʻili o ka māno paʻakikī mai ke awāwa, i kalai ʻia e ka lima, kahi e hāʻawi ai i kahi ʻano kūikawā a kokoke i nā alanui a pau o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Moʻolelo) cobbled a me kā lākou mau pā ʻana i hoʻololi ʻia i ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia. hala kēlā.
Mai kahi wā hou aku nei ka Casa Mota, i kahi austere eclectic style, ma ke Alanui Madero, ma ke alo o Santa Clara - nona ka ʻāpana o nā pale elaborate–. ʻO ka Hale Aliʻi Kūlanakauhale, nona ka ʻaoʻao e kūlike i ke kaila eclectic, ʻoiai no ka wā i hala kona ʻano kūloko, i kēia lā ua hoʻihoʻi nani ʻia a ʻo ia ka noho o ke Aupuni Aupuni; Aia ia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka māla kahiko o ka hale ʻaha ʻo Santa Clara - i hoʻolilo ʻia i Guerrero Garden–, a ua hoʻopili ʻia e nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia i nā laurel ʻInia, kahi hiʻohiʻona mau ia o nā square o ka Mexican Bajío.
No nā hale hoʻomana haipule, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke nalo i ka luakini a me ka hale konikona o Santa Rosa de Viterbo, me ke kanalua ʻole i ka hale kūloko o kahi baroque exuberant i hoʻonaninani maikaʻi ʻia, kahi o ka pena kumu o kona alo, portico, hale kiaʻi, dome a me loko. Nui nā mea e hoʻohenehene ai i nā mea āpau: kāna mau hulina botorel i hoʻohuli ʻia – kahi hana i hoʻohālikelike ʻole ʻia e ka mea kākau ʻo Mariano de las Casas–, kāna mau puʻupuʻu baroque, nā hui hīmeni o lalo - o ke kumu Kelemania -, kāna sacristy, kahi i kū ai ka papaʻaina. nā kāhiko o ke ola me nā kālai o Kristo a me nā lunaʻōlelo; ʻO kāna kahu lole i kēia lā ka pā kula o ke kula kiʻi kiʻi. ʻO ka luakini a me ka hale konikona o San Agustín, kahi hale i hoʻopau ʻia i ka hapa mua o ke kenekulia 18, i kēia lā i hoʻolilo ʻia i Art Museum, kahi hiʻohiʻona kaulana o ka mākaukau ʻo Queretaro stonemason; ʻo kāna cloister, kahi laʻana o ka "ultra-baroque", kahi hana launa ʻole no ka profusion o kāna kālai ʻana.
ʻO ka hale konikona a me ka luakini o Santa Clara he mau kuahu baroque hanohano i hana ʻia i ka lāʻau i hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia; I loko o kēia hana e kū ana kāna hana ʻeleʻele i ka papa hīmeni o lalo a i ka hale hōʻikeʻike ma luna; ʻo ka profusion o kāna kāhiko ʻana he laʻana maopopo ia o ka nani i loaʻa i ka hoʻonaninani baroque, kona waiwai o nā ʻano e hana i kona mau kuahu, me nā mea a Santa Rosa de Viterbo, nā hana ʻano nui loa o ka nani o ke au gula o Queretaro.
He aha ka manaʻo o ka querétaro?
Aia he mana hou ʻelua: hoʻokahi, no ka ʻōlelo Taraszera queretaparazicuyo mai, ʻo ia hoʻi "pāʻani kinipōpō", a ua hoʻopōkole ʻia ia ma Querétaro; a ʻo ka mea ʻē aʻe, o querenda, ka mea ma ka ʻōlelo like "ke ʻano o ka pōhaku nui a pōhaku paha", a i ʻole queréndaro: "kahi o nā pōhaku nui a pōhaku paha".
Kapālua kālā
ʻO ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Querétaro ʻelua mau kapikala o ka Lepupalika ʻo Mekiko: ʻo ka mua ma 1848, me Manuel de la Peña y Peña i pelekikena, a ʻo ka lua ma 1916, iā Venustiano Carranza i noho ma ke kūlanakauhale.
