I loko o nā lāhui lehulehu he mele, e like me ka hoʻomana, aia mau i nā manawa hope o ke ola a me ka make.
E pili ana i ka wahine puʻupaʻa o Guadalupe, hiki ke hāhai i ka moʻomeheu o kāna hoʻomana ma Tepeyac, ʻaʻole wale i nā hōʻike i hāʻawi ʻia e nā kākau a nā mea ʻeuanelio Guadalupano, akā i loko o nā hōʻike kiʻi i hōʻike ʻia kahi mele. ʻOiai ʻo nā leo hoʻonani kiʻi i kiʻi ʻia ma nā kahakaha o ke kumuhana ʻaʻole hiki ke lohe ʻia i kēia manawa, hoʻomanaʻo ko lākou alo i ka mea nui i loaʻa mau i nā mele i nā hanana nui o ka lāhui kanaka.
Me ke kanalua ʻole, ʻo ke kuʻuna o ka helehelena o ka Virgin Mary i kāna noi ʻana iā Guadalupe, ma New Spain, he hanana kū hoʻokahi ia no kona lehulehu a hiki i ke ʻano o ke kiʻi kiʻi i hōʻailona no ka ʻuhane lāhui. No laila, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi kiʻi kiʻi pilikino, e pili ana i ke ala o ke kū ʻana i ka Puʻupaʻa, a me ka mōʻaukala o kona helehelena, ʻoiai he pono e hōʻike i ke koena o ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa ka mea i hana ʻia ma ka ʻO Tepeyac. Kākoʻo kēia mau manaʻo kiʻi kiʻi i ke kumu akua a me ka apocalyptic o ka haki kupaianaha, e like me kā Father Francisco Florencia i hana ai i kāna hāʻawi ʻana i ke kiʻi o ka Virgin of Guadalupe i ke ʻano o kahi hōʻailona lāhui, me ka huaʻōlelo: Non fecit taliter omni nationi. ("ʻAʻole ia i hana i ka mea like no kekahi lāhui ʻē aʻe." Lawe ʻia a hoʻololi ʻia mai nā Halelu: 147, 20). Me kēia hoʻokaʻawale, kuhikuhi aku ʻo Florencia i ke kākoʻo kū hoʻokahi o ka makuahine o ke Akua ma luna o kāna poʻe i wae ʻia, ka poʻe kūpaʻa ʻo Mekiko.
ʻIke ʻia ma o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o ka Basilica o Guadalupe, ke alo mele, ma ke ʻano he kiʻi ʻokoʻa i ka pena o ke kumuhana Guadalupano, e hōʻike like ʻia i nā ʻano like ʻole. Hoʻolaha ʻia, ma ke alo o mua, me ke mele melodic o nā manu e hoʻopuni ana i ke kiʻi o ka Puʻupaʻa ma ke ʻano he kiʻi, i kekahi manawa me nā lau a me nā pua e hōʻike ana i nā mōhai i hoʻonohonoho mau ʻia a hiki i kēia lā, kokoke i ke kiʻi. Ma loko o ka hui like he mau manu i nā haku mele e haʻi i nā hanana o ka Mana Mua. ʻO ka lua, aia nā hiʻohiʻona Guadalupan me nā mea mele, he mau mele ʻānela a i ʻole ensembles o nā mea kani, i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka lua a me ke kolu o nā hiʻohiʻona. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ke mele kahi ʻāpana o nā haku mele ke pale aku ka Puʻupaʻa a mea uwao no ka poʻe kūpaʻa o Sepania Hou. ʻO ka mea hope loa, aia ka kiʻi kiʻi o ka wahine puʻupaʻa o Guadalupe i nā manawa hanohano e hoʻolauleʻa ai i kāna Ass Ass and Coronation.
I nā hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i ka helehelena mua o ka wahine puʻupaʻa iā Juan Diego, ʻo nā manu e lele ana ma luna o nā hiʻohiʻona e hōʻike ana i nā leo momona o nā manu coyoltototl a i ʻole tzinnizcan e like me ka Nican Mopoha i hāʻawi ʻia iā Antonio Valeriano, ua lohe ka makaula i kona ʻike ʻana i ka Guadalupana.
Pili pū ʻia ke mele me ka Puʻupaʻa o Guadalupe ke mele nā ʻānela a hoʻokani i nā mea kani no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i kona helehelena. Ua wehewehe ʻia ke kū ʻana o kēia mau mea lani, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, e Father Francisco Florencia i loko o kāna puke ʻo Estrella del Norte, me he mea lā he minamina ka poʻe i mālama i ka hoʻomana o ke kiʻi no ka mea he maikaʻi ka helehelena. e hoʻonani iā ia me nā ʻānela e hui pū me ʻoe. ʻO lākou ka makuahine o Kristo, hīmeni pū lākou i mua o ka Puʻupaʻa, kōkua iā ia a pale iā ia. Ma loko o ke kiʻi kiʻi Guadalupe i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka Puʻupaʻa, ʻike ʻia nā ʻānela mele i nā papa mele a me nā ensemble e hoʻokani ana i nā mea kani e like me ka lute, ka violin, ke kika a me ka ʻohe.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke ala o ke kū ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona ʻehā mai ka hapalua o ka ʻumikūmāhiku kenekulia a hoʻokumu ʻia i nā palapala a nā ʻelele euanelio a Guadalupano I nā kiʻi ʻelua, mai ke kenekulia 18, i hana hou i ka lole ʻelua, hiki ke mahalo ʻia ke ʻano haku mele āna i lawe ai. ʻO ka Puʻupaʻa, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ke hele nei iā Juan Diego i kahi wahi pōhaku, ʻoiai e pāʻani ana kahi hui ʻānela ma ka ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kekahi o nā kiʻi i hōʻike ʻia aʻe nei, ka hana a ka mea pena kiʻi Oaxacan ʻo Miguel Cabrera, me nā ʻānela ʻelua e kiaʻi ana iā Juan Diego, ʻoiai e pāʻani ana nā mea ʻē aʻe i kahi mamao. ʻO kēia canvas kahi ʻāpana o ka moʻo o nā hiʻohiʻona ʻehā, a ua hoʻohui ʻia i loko o kahi papahana kiʻi o kahi kuahu i ka lumi Guadalupano o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o ka Basilica o Guadalupe.
Ke hana nei ka Puʻupaʻa ma ka inoa o nā kāne, ke pale nei i nā pōʻino kūlohelohe, hana i nā hana mana a me ka pale ʻana iā lākou, ʻo ke mele ka maʻa mau o ka moʻolelo. ʻO nā moʻolelo kiʻi o nā hana a ka Guadalupana i hāʻawi aku ai i nā mea pena kiʻi ʻumikūmāhiku a ʻumikūmāwalu i kahi kūʻokoʻa e haku i kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona, ʻoiai ʻo kēia nā kumuhana a me nā pilikia o New Spain. I ka hōʻiliʻili o ka hale hōʻikeʻike o ka Basilica o Guadalupe aia kekahi kiʻi pena nui me nā kiʻi mele o kona manawa: ʻO ka hoʻoili o ke kiʻi o Guadalupe i ka hermitage mua a me ka hana mana mua, haʻi i nā mea i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ka ʻōlelo a Fernando de Alva Ixtlixochitl i kapa ʻia ʻo Nican Motecpana.
ʻO nā mea hoʻokani mele a me nā mea mele i ka ʻāpana waena, ma ka ʻākau, ʻeono mau helu; ʻO ka mea hoʻokani ʻumiʻumi ʻumiʻumi me kahi poʻo poʻo pua e komo i ka lole keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ke ʻano he lole a ma luna o ia kahi tilma o ke kala like, paʻa ʻo ia i kahi mecatl a i ʻole ke kaula pua. Ke pāʻani nei ʻo ia i kahi Tlapanhuehuetl ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a i ʻole ka pahu mayena kū i luna. ʻIke maopopo ʻia ka neʻe ʻana o kona lima hema. ʻO ka lua o nā mea hoʻokani mele he kāne ʻōpio me ka lei poʻo o ka pua a me kahi kino ʻōlohelohe me ka mecatl pua; He ʻūlū keʻokeʻo kona, kahi e ulana ai nā lole me ka palena ʻulaʻula i ke ʻano o ka maxtlatl. Ma kona kua ua hāpai ʻo ia i kahi teponaxtle i hoʻopā ʻia e ke ʻano e kū i ke kūlana ʻehā. ʻO ke kolu he mea mele ʻōpio nona ka pulima tilma e ʻike ʻia me kahi hae i pili i kona kua. ʻO ka hā ka mea hoʻokani iā teponaxtle a ke mele nei, he barbarian ia a hoʻokomo i ka pāpale aliʻi; Hoʻokomo ʻo ia i kahi pālule keʻokeʻo me kahi tilma i nakinaki ʻia i mua, ke lei nei ka lei pua mai kona umauma. ʻIke ʻia ka ʻelima o kēia hui i ke alo o kēia mea mele. ʻO kāna hiʻohiʻona, ka tilma a me ka pua o nā pua e mahalo ʻia i kona lima hema.
ʻO ka paukū mua i ʻike ʻia e hana ʻia no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ka Puʻupaʻa o Guadalupe ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Pregón del Atabal, i kākau ʻia ma Nahuatl. Kuhi ʻia, mele ʻia ia i ka lā o ka hoʻolilo o ke kiʻi mai ka hale pule kahiko i Zumárraga hermitage, ma Kēkēmapa 26, 1531 a i ʻole 1533. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Francisco Plácido Lord o Azcapotzalco ka mea nāna i kākau a mele ʻia kēia hoʻolaha i ke kani o ʻO Teponaxtle i ka huakaʻi o ke kiʻi pena i hōʻike ʻia aʻe nei.
Ma loko o ka hoʻolaʻa ʻo Marian aia kekahi ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā mele e pili ana me ka Puʻupaʻa o Guadalupe: Ka manaʻo o ka wahine puʻupaʻa a me kāna Coronation ma ke ʻano he Queen of Heaven. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻōlelo ʻeuanelio i ka make ʻana o ka Virgin Mary, aia kekahi kaʻao e hoʻopuni iā ia. ʻO ka moʻolelo gula o Jacobo de la Voraigne mai ke kenekulia ʻumikūmākolu, e pili ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kumu apocryphal, i hāʻawi ʻia iā Saint John the Evangelist.
I ka hōʻiliʻili o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike o ka Basilica o Guadalupe aia kahi pena o kēia kumuhana ʻano ʻole ma loko o ka Guadalupe iconography. Kōkua ʻia e nā ʻānela, piʻi aʻe ʻo Maria i ke Akua ka Makua ma ka lani, kahi o ʻelua mau ʻānela ʻē aʻe e puhi i nā pū, nā hōʻailona o ke kaulana, ka lanakila a me ka hanohano. Aia nā lunaʻōlelo he ʻumikūmālua, i loko o ʻelua mau pūʻulu ʻeono ma kēlā ʻaoʻao a me kēia ʻaoʻao o ka lua kupapaʻu ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka haku mele. Maʻaneʻi, ʻaʻole ka Puʻupaʻa he hōʻailona wale nō, akā ʻo ke kino ʻo ia ke axis a me ka hui ʻana ma waena o ka lani a me ka honua.
ʻO ka pena Paniolo hou me kahi kumuhana Guadalupano me nā mea o ke kiʻi kiʻi mele e komo i nā ʻano like me nā noi ʻana a European Marian. ʻO ke kumu o kēia ke kamaʻilio nei ke mele i ka hanohano o ka Virgin Mary ma ke ʻano he mōʻī wahine o ka lani a me nā hanana āpau i kona ola, o nā mea pohihihi hanohano a ʻoliʻoli, mele mau ʻia i waena o ka hauʻoli nui o nā ʻānela, nā kerubima a me nā mea kani. I ka hihia o ka Virgin Mary i kāna noi i Guadalupe, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea mele i hōʻike ʻia, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka kiʻi kiʻi e kaha i ka helehelena e like me ke kūpono a kū hoʻokahi hoʻi i nā ʻāina ʻAmelika, e hōʻike ana i ka hanana kupanaha o ka haki ʻana o ka ayate, I kekahi manawa e hele pū me nā mea kani o nā moʻomeheu Mesoamerican e hoʻomanaʻo i ka acculturation a me ka miscegenation.
Punawai: Mekiko i ka Manawa Helu 17 Malaki-ʻApelila 1997
