No ʻaneʻane ʻekolu mau kenekulia nā ʻona o New Sepania e nā Creole a i ʻole nā Sepania e noho ana ma Mekiko, a ʻaʻole ia a hiki i nā makahiki mua o ke ola kūʻokoʻa i ʻae ʻia ke kapikala haole e komo i ka mining ʻo Mekiko.
No laila, i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19, e hana ana nā Pelekania, Palani a me ka hapa nui o nā hui ʻo ʻAmelika ʻĀkau i nā mokuʻāina ʻo Zacatecas, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí a me Jalisco, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻomau kekahi mau ʻoihana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mines kahiko, loaʻa i kekahi poʻe ka ʻāina ma kekahi mau mokuʻāina, a ʻo kekahi poʻe ʻē aʻe, i kā lākou ʻimi ʻana i nā waihona hou, e ʻimi i nā wahi mamao loa o ka ʻāina a hoʻokumu iā lākou iho i nā pūnaewele kokoke hiki ʻole ke loaʻa, me ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ka hopena. haaleleia lakou. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau pūnaewele - ʻike ʻole ʻia ka mōʻaukala - ʻo ka Santa Fe mine, ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo Chiapas.
No ka hapanui o nā kamaʻāina o ka ʻāina i ʻike ʻia ka inoa ʻo "La Mina", akā ʻaʻohe mea e ʻike pono i ke kumu o ia.
No ka hele ʻana i ka mine ua hele mākou i kahi ala e hoʻomaka ai ma El Beneficio, kahi kaiāulu ma ke kapa o ke alaloa pekelala no. 195, ma nā kuahiwi o nā mauna mauna ʻākau o ʻO Chiapas.
ʻO ka puka nui i Santa Fe kahi lua 25 mau mika kiʻekiʻe a 50 mau mika ākea, kālai ʻia mai ka pōhaku ola o kahi mauna. Kupaianaha kona nani a nani hoʻi, i mea e alakaʻi ai iā mākou e manaʻo aia mākou i loko o kahi ana kūlohelohe. Loaʻa nā lumi ʻē aʻe mai ka lua nui a mai kēia mau ʻalalā e alakaʻi i ka ʻaoʻao i loko.
Loaʻa iā mākou ma kahi o iwakāluakūn tunnels hāmama ma nā pae ʻehā, ʻaʻohe pūʻali o lākou āpau, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou i kākoʻo ʻia e nā kaola a i ʻole nā papa, ʻoiai ka mea i wili ʻia i ka pōhaku. He ākea paha kekahi, ʻo nā ʻūlū liʻiliʻi a me nā tunnels makapō. I loko o kahi keʻena huinahā ʻike mākou i ka lāʻau mina, kahi lāʻau kū i luna e hoʻoneʻe ʻia ai nā limahana, nā pono hana a me nā pono hana i nā pae ʻē aʻe e nā cages. Ke nānā nei i loko e hōʻike ana ma ka ʻewalu a 10 mau mika paha i kahe ʻia ka pae o lalo.
ʻOiai he ʻano like ko ka mine me kahi ana, ʻo kāna ʻimi e hāʻawi ana i nā pōʻino nui aʻe. I ka wā e manaʻo ana ua loaʻa nā ana ma loko o nā tunnels he nui. I kekahi mau mea ua keʻakeʻa loa ʻia a i kekahi poʻe ʻāpana. E hoʻomau i ka ʻimi ʻana he pono e kahele akahele ma waena o kahi hakahaka.
Ana kēia mau hale hōʻike i ka awelika o ʻelua mau mika ākea e kekahi mau mika ʻelua aʻe ke kiʻekiʻe a he mea maʻamau ia e kahe ʻia ai ka wai, ʻoiai hana ka pae ʻāina e like me nā wai wai a me nā wai infiltration i waiho ʻia i nā lōʻihi lōʻihi. Me ka wai a hiki i ko mākou pūhaka, a i kekahi manawa a i ko mākou umauma, hele mākou ma waena o ka maze kahi i hoʻokahe ʻia nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻāpana maloʻo.
Ma nā kaupaku ua ʻike mākou i nā stalactite carbonate calcium ʻelua mau kenimika ka lōʻihi a me nā kau e hapalua mika ka lōʻihi ma nā paia. ʻO nā mea hou aku ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo emerald a me ka popo stalactites, nā gushings a me nā stalagmites i hana ʻia e ka holo ʻana mai nā keleawe a me nā hao hao.
Ke nānā nei i nā wahi a puni, haʻi ʻo Don Bernardino iā mākou: "e hāhai i kēlā ala, e hele i ke alahaka a ma ka hema e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi mine i kapa ʻia ʻo La Providencia." Lawe mākou i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a aia koke mākou ma ka paepae o kahi lumi nui.
Ina ka Naʻu ʻo Santa Fe He kūpono ia e ka mahalo, La Providencia ʻoi aku i kēlā me kēia mea i manaʻo ʻia. ʻO ka lumi o nā kaulike nui, me ka papahele i hana ʻia i mau pae, mai kahi e hoʻomaka ai nā tunnels a me nā ala i nā ʻaoʻao ʻokoʻa. Pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke kī ʻo La Providencia, kahi hana paʻa paʻa a nani hoʻi me nā paia mānoanoa a me nā hoaka Roman, ʻehā mau manawa ka nui o Santa Fe.
Kuhi ʻo Pedro Garcíaconde Trelles ua ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai o kēia kūkulu ma mua o ʻekolu miliona mau kālā, e hāʻawi ana iā mākou i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻopukapuka ikaika a ka ʻoihana i hana ai i kāna manawa a me nā mea i kau ʻia ma nā waihona.
Kuhi mākou aia ma kahi o ʻelua mau mile o nā tunnels ma loko o ka pā. Ma muli o ka nui o nā mea i kāʻili ʻia, e manaʻo ʻia ʻo kēia ka mine mua loa, a inā mākou e noʻonoʻo ua wehe ʻia nā ala a me nā lua me ka hāmare a me ka pā, a ʻo kēlā me kēia "hekili" -ʻo ia ka pahū o kahi uku o ka pauda - ʻae i nā mea miners i kahi mika a me ka hapalua i mua i ka pōhaku, hiki iā mākou ke noʻonoʻo i ka nui o ka hana i hāpai ʻia.
ʻO ka nui o kā mākou hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka wahi, ʻo ka nui o nā nīnau. Hōʻike ka ākea o ka hana i kahi papahana lōʻihi e koi ana i ka pūʻali koa holoʻokoʻa o nā kāne, nā limahana loea, nā mīkini, nā pono hana a me nā pono hana e hana i ka mineral.
I mea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai i kēia mau ʻike ʻole, huli mākou i nā poʻe noho o El Beneficio. Ma laila mākou laki e hui ai me Mr. Antolín Flores Rosales, kekahi o nā mea minia e ola nei, ka mea e ʻaelike ana e lilo i alakaʻi no mākou.
"Wahi a nā poʻe ʻelemakule i haʻi mai iaʻu, no ka hui ʻEnelani ʻo Santa Fe," i wehewehe ai ʻo Don Antolín. Akā ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike i ka manawa hea lākou. ʻLelo ʻia aia he kahawai nui loa i paʻa ai nā kānaka he nui a ʻo ia ke kumu i haʻalele ai lākou. I koʻu hōʻea ʻana i Chiapas i ka makahiki 1948, eia he ulu lāʻau ʻoiaʻiʻo. I kēlā manawa ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka hui ʻo La Nahuyaca no ʻekolu mau makahiki a hoʻohana i ke keleawe, ke kālā a me ke gula.
Ua lawe lākou i nā limahana kūpono a hoʻoponopono hou i kekahi o nā hale ʻEnelani, hoʻokahe i nā ʻauamo, kūkulu i kahi ala mai ka mine a hiki i El beneficio e halihali i ka mineral a hoʻoponopono hou i ke ala i Pichucalco. E like me kaʻu i ʻike ai mai ka hana ʻana i nā mines kālā ma Taxco, Guerrero, ua hoʻomaka wau e hana ma ke ʻano he alahao, a hiki i Mei 1951, i ka manawa i pau ai ka hana ʻana o kaʻu mina ma muli o nā pilikia me ka uniona a no ka mālama ʻana o nā alanui ʻaʻole hiki ke kūʻai ʻia ”.
Lawe ʻo Don Antolín i kāna machete a me ka wikiwiki o ka wikiwiki no kāna mau makahiki he 78, ua komo ʻo ia i kahi ala pali. Ma ke ala e piʻi ai i ka mauna ʻike mākou i nā komo o kekahi mau tunnels. "Wehe ʻia kēia mau tunnels e ka hui ʻo Alfredo Sánchez Flores, i hana ma aneʻi mai 1953 a 1956," wehewehe ʻo Don Antolín, "a laila hōʻea nā hui Serralvo a me Corzo, hana no ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau makahiki a hoʻomaha hoʻi ma muli o ko lākou ʻike ʻole i ka ʻoihana.
Ua ʻimi nā poʻe o ka hui Mining Development i kekahi mau hana a hiki i ke kau waena o ke kanahiku, ke haʻalele ʻia nā mea āpau ”. Kū ke alakaʻi i mua o kahi puka a kuhikuhi: "ʻO kēia kaʻu Keleawe." Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mākou i nā kukui a hele i waena o nā hale kūʻai. Lawe kahi ʻāpana ikaika o ka ea iā mākou i ka waha o kahi hohonu 40 mika hohonu. Ua hoʻopau ʻia nā pulley a me ka winch i mau makahiki i hala aku nei. Hoʻomanaʻo ʻo Don Antolín: “Ua make ʻelua mau mea minia i kahi kī ma kahi kokoke. ʻO ke kuhi hewa i hala i ko lākou ola ". ʻO kahi huakaʻi o nā hale hōʻikeʻike ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia nei aia mākou ma ka pae mua o Santa Fe.
Hoʻomaʻa hou mākou i ke ala a alakaʻi ʻo Don Antolín iā mākou i kahi ulu lāʻau e waiho ana ma waena o Santa Fe a me La Providencia, kahi e ʻike ai i nā hale i heleleʻi ʻia ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻekolu mau hektareta paha. ʻO lākou nā hale i pili i ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, ma ka papahele hoʻokahi, me nā pā pōhaku a me ka puna i ʻehā mika ke kiʻekiʻe a ka hapalua mika ka laulā.
Kipa mākou i nā wahi i hōkai ʻia o ka hale kūʻai, ka lumi hoʻomaʻamaʻa, ka hale wili, ka lumi paʻa, ka umu paʻa a me nā hale ʻē aʻe he ʻumikūmālua. Ma muli o ka hoʻolālā a me ke kūlana o ka mālama ʻana, kū ka umu ahi smelting, kūkulu ʻia me ka brick brick refactory a me ka palena o ka pahu ʻāpana barela, a me ke alawai hoʻokahe e hoʻopili ana me ke kumu o nā mines ʻelua, ʻo ia wale nō ke ana me nā kaola a hao hao.
ʻO wai nā mea kūkulu hale? ʻO Peter Lord Atewell ka mea i loaʻa ka pane: ua kākau inoa ʻia ʻo Santa Fe ma Ladana ma ka lā 26 ʻApelila 1889, me ka inoa ʻo Chiapas Mining Company a me kahi kapikala ʻo 250 tausani paona sterling. Ua hana ia ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo Chiapas mai 1889 a 1905.
I kēia lā, i ka huakaʻi ʻana i nā hale kahiko a me nā tunnels i kālai ʻia i ke kuahiwi, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke kōkua akā mahalo a mahalo i nā kāne i hana i kēia hana nui. E noʻonoʻo wale i nā kūlana a me nā pilikia i kū i mua o lākou ma mua o hoʻokahi kenekulia i hala aku nei ma kahi i hoʻoneʻe loa ʻia mai ka lāhui, i ka puʻuwai o ka ululāʻau.
Pehea e loaʻa ai:
Inā ʻoe e huakaʻi mai ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Villahermosa, Tabasco, pono ʻoe e hele i ka hema o ka mokuʻāina ma ke alaloa pekelala no. 195. Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike ʻoe i nā kaona o Teapa-Pichucalco-Ixtacomitán-Solosuchiapa a, ʻo ka hope loa, ʻo El beneficio. Loaʻa ka huakaʻi i 2 mau hola no kahi mamao ma kahi o 100 mau kilomita.
ʻO ka poʻe huakaʻi e haʻalele ana iā Tuxtla Gutiérrez, pono lākou e hele ma ke alaloa pekelala no. 195, i ke kaona ʻo Solosuchiapa. Aia ma kēia ala ma kahi o 160 km o nā ala nui, no laila he holo he 4 hola e kiʻi iā El Beneficio. I kēia hihia, noi ʻia e noho i ka pō ma Pichucalco kahi e loaʻa ai nā hōkele me ka lawelawe ʻana i nā ea, kahi hale ʻaina, a pēlā aku.
nā mines ma chiapasmines ma Mekiko mexicomineria
