ʻO nā mokupuni he 90 e hoʻopuni ʻia e nā auwai o ka nani ʻAmelika, piha i nā hale aliʻi nani a nani hoʻi a me nā hale a me nā hale hōʻikeʻike i home i nā waiwai nui o nā kiʻi Dutch, ke kakali nei iā ʻoe no kahi huakaʻi maikaʻi ma o ka wai a me ka ʻāina.
1. Nā ʻauwai ʻo ʻAmekekama
ʻO Amsterdam, ka Venice o ka ʻĀkau, kahi kūlanakauhale o ka ʻāina i ʻaihue ʻia mai ke kai a hoʻopuni ʻia e nā auwai. Ma luna o nā kahawai aia ma kahi o 1,500 alahaka, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou o nā ʻāpana nani o ka hoʻolālā. ʻO nā kahawai kahiko i hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka kenekulia 17 a hoʻopuni i ke kiko waena e like me nā kāʻei concentric. ʻO ke kahawai o loko loa o kēia lā ʻo ka Singel, kahi e hoʻopuni ana i ke kūlanakauhale medieval. ʻO nā hale e kū pono ana i nā kahawai ʻo Herengracht a me Keizersgracht kahi mau mea hoʻomanaʻo nani e hoʻomanaʻo i ka poʻe nui i noho i loko o lākou, e like me Tsar Peter the Great, US Pelekikena John Adams a me ka ʻepekema ʻo Daniel Fahrenheit.
2. Kahalewai Dam
Hoʻopuni ʻia e nā hale nani, pelekikena kēia pelekikena ma luna o ke kikowaena moʻolelo o ke kapikala Hōlani. Loaʻa iā ia kahi ma kahi o 2000 mau mika mika a me nā alanui emblematic o ʻAmekekona e kahe ana i loko ona, e like me Damrak, e hoʻopili ana iā ia me ke Central Station; Rokin, Nieuwendijk, Kalverstraat a me Damstraat. Ma ke alo o ka pā ka Hale Aliʻi; ka Nieuwe Kerk, he luakini he 15 mau kenekulia; ka National Monument; a me ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Wax ʻo Madame Tussaud.
3. Nieuwe Kerk
Aia ka hale pule hou ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ka Royal Palace, ma Dam Square. Kūkulu ʻia ia i ke kenekulia 15, a i loko o 250 mau makahiki e hiki mai ana ua luku ʻia ia e kekahi mau ahi i luku ʻia ma ʻAmekona, a laila kahi kūlanakauhale o nā hale. o ka wahie. ʻO ia kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā hana kiʻekiʻe loa. Ma laila lākou i male ai i ka makahiki 2002 ʻO Prince Guillermo Alejandro, ka mōʻī o kēia manawa, a me ka Argentina Argentina Máxima Zorreguieta. I ka makahiki 2013, ʻo ka luakini ka wahi kalaunu o ka Mōʻī Wiliama o Netherlands. Kanu ʻia nā kiʻi nui mai ka mōʻaukala Dutch i ka hale pule.
4. Hale Aliʻi o ʻAmekekama
Aia kēia hale style-styleist ma waenakonu o ke kūlanakauhale, ma Dam Square. Mai nā kenekulia 17, i ka wā i ʻike ai ʻo Holland i kona mau makahiki gula ma muli o ka lawaiʻa ʻana a me ke kālepa ʻana, cod, whale a me kā lākou huahana derivative. Ua hoʻolaʻa ʻia ma ke ʻano he keʻena kūlanakauhale a ma hope lilo wale i hale aliʻi. Ke hoʻohana nei nā mōʻī o ke Aupuni o Nekelani iā ia no nā ʻahaʻaina kūlana a me nā hoʻokipa kūhelu. Hamama i ka lehulehu.
5. Ke kikowaena waena o ʻAmekekama
Ua kūkulu ʻia ka hale nani ma 1899 ʻo ia ka hale kaʻa nui ma ke kūlanakauhale. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e ka mea kākau kiʻi Dutch kaulana ʻo Pierre Cuypers, ʻo ia ka mea kākau o ka National Museum a ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli hale pule. Loaʻa iā ia ke komo koke mai ka Metro Amsterdam a mai nā laina kaʻaahi e hele i ke kikowaena kūlanakauhale.
6. ʻO Jordaan
ʻO kēia kaiāulu e hoʻopuni ʻia e nā kahawai ʻehā i hoʻomaka ʻia ma ke ʻano he wahi noho o ka papa hana a i kēia lā ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea kū hoʻokahi i ʻAmekekama. Hoʻohui ʻia nā hale Sumptuous me nā boutiques pipiʻi a me nā hale ʻaina, nā hale hōʻikeʻike ʻē aʻe a me nā hale kiʻekiʻe aʻe. Ua hoʻohui ʻia ka Jordaan i ka hana noʻeau a me bohemian o ke kūlanakauhale. Ua lilo ʻo Rembrandt i nā makahiki he 14 i hala o kona ola ma laila a ua kūkulu ʻia nā kiʻi kū i ke kaiāulu no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i nā mea pena kiʻi Hōlani. Ma kekahi kihi o ke kahawai ʻo Herengracht ka hale o West Indies, kahi i lawelawe ʻia ai ʻo New Amsterdam, kapa ʻia ka inoa ma hope o New York i ka wā he kolone Dutch ia.
7. Apana kukui ʻulaʻula
ʻO Barrio de las Luces Rojas i kapa ʻia ʻo Barrio de las Luces Rojas ka mea kaulana no ka nohona ʻana i ka pō a no ka ʻai nui ʻana i nā mea āpau i pāpā ʻia i nā wahi ʻē aʻe, mai ka hoʻokipa hoʻokipa a me nā lāʻau. Aia ia ma waenakonu o ke kūlanakauhale, ma waena o Dam Square, Niewemarkt Square a me ke Alanui Damrak. I ka pō, ʻaʻohe wahi i hele pinepine ʻia ma ʻAmekekama, akā ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻo pani lākou no ka lā. ʻOiai ʻo ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi e ʻimi ʻole nei i ka leʻaleʻa he kuleana lākou e ʻike i ke kaiāulu nani.
8. Hale Hōʻikeʻike Rijksmuseum
Hōʻike ka National Museum of Amsterdam i nā kiʻi kiʻi Dutch maikaʻi loa mai ka kenekulia 15, me nā hana a Sint Jans, Van Leyden, Vermeer, Goltzius, Frans Hals, Mondrian, Van Gogh, Rembrandt a me nā haku nui ʻē aʻe. ʻO Fra Angelico, Goya, Rubens a me nā mālamana nui ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ʻia ana nā kiʻi non-Dutch. ʻO ka ʻāpana nui loa i ka hale hōʻikeʻike ʻo ʻO ka wati pō, kahi pena pena i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka ʻO Amsterdam Arcabuceros Corporation a he mea waiwai nui i kēia manawa.
9. Rembrandtplein
ʻO Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn, ka haku Baroque nui a alakaʻi alakaʻi i ka mōʻaukala ma nā kiʻi Dutch, i noho i ka kenekulia 17 i kahi hale kokoke i ka square i kapa ʻia kona inoa i kēia manawa. Ua hoʻomalu ʻia ka pākaukau e kahi kiʻi nani o kekahi i kū i waho i ka pena ʻana a me ke kālai ʻana a ma nā kumu o ia he wahi no ke kālepa, ʻo ia hoʻi ka waiū, ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ʻo ka Mākeke Mīkini. ʻO kekahi o nā mea hoihoi loa o ka square, ma ka wāwae o ke kiʻi Rembrandt, ʻo ia ka ensemble keleawe ʻO ka wati pō, kahi hoʻohanohano i hana ʻia e nā mea pena kiʻi Lūkini i ka pena pena kaulana loa o ka loea Dutch.
10. Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Rembrandt House
ʻO ka hale ʻo Rembrandt i noho ai ma ʻAmekekona ma waena o 1639 a me 1658 i kēia manawa he hale hōʻikeʻike. ʻO ke alanui kahi e waiho ai ka hale i kapa ʻia ʻo Sint-Anthonisbreestraat i ka wā o Rembrandt a ʻo ia kahi e noho ai nā mea kālepa a me nā mea pena kiʻi o kekahi mau kumuwaiwai. Manaʻo ʻia ma mua o ka noho ʻia e Rembrandt, ua kūkulu hou ʻia ka hale e ka mea hoʻolālā hanohano ʻo Jacob van Campen. Ua hoʻololi ʻia i hale hōʻikeʻike ma 1911 a hōʻike i kahi nui o nā kaha kiʻi a nā mea pena kiʻi.
11. Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Van Gogh
ʻO Vincent van Gogh, ka mea pena kiʻi Hōlani ʻehaʻeha o ka 19 kenekulia, kahi hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka noʻeau o Netherlands. Ua hana nui ʻo Van Gogh a kūʻai aku i kekahi mau hana i kona wā e ola ana, a i kona wā i make ai ua hoʻoilina kona kaikaina ʻo Theo ma kahi o 900 kiʻi pena a me 1,100 kiʻi. ʻO Vincent Willem, kahi keiki a Theo, ka hoʻoilina i hōʻiliʻili, kahi o ia mau mea i hōʻike ʻia i loko o kekahi mau lumi a hiki i ka wehe ʻia ʻana o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Van Gogh i ka makahiki 1973. Hana ʻia ia i loko o kahi hale i kēia manawa a komo pū kekahi mau kiʻi 200 a me 400 mau kaha kiʻi na ka mea pena kiʻi nui, me ʻO ka poʻe ʻai ʻUala. Aia kekahi mau hana e nā haku nui ʻē aʻe, e like me Manet, Monet, Toulouse-Lautrec, Pisarro, Seurat, Breton, a me Courbet.
12. Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Stedelijk
Aia kēia hale hōʻikeʻike kokoke i ka National Museum a me ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Van Gogh i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no nā hana noʻeau o kēia ao. ʻO kekahi o kāna hōʻiliʻili hoʻolaʻa nui e like me Kazimir Malevich, ka mea pena Lūkini nāna i hoʻokumu ʻo Suprematism, ke ʻano i hoʻomaka ma kahi o 1915, ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka geometric abstraction. He lumi hoʻi ko ka hale hōʻikeʻike na Karel Appel, ka mea pena kiʻi ʻo Amsterdam i ka waena o ke kenekulia 20 i neʻe aku ai i Palisa ma hope o ka hoʻohoka ʻana i kona kūlanakauhale ponoʻī me ka mural i loko o ka hale kauhale, kahi a nā luna i uhi ai no 10 mau makahiki.
13. Hale Anne Frank
ʻAʻohe wahine ʻōpio e hōʻailona i ka weliweli Nazi e like me Anne Frank. ʻO ke kaikamahine Iudaio nāna i kākau i kahi nūpepa kaulana, hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka hale paʻahao ma ka hale ma ʻAmekekama kahi i puʻuhonua ai me kona ʻohana a make i kahi hoʻomoana kahua i ka makahiki 15. I kēia manawa he hale hōʻikeʻike kēia hale i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o Anne Frank, ʻo ia nō kekahi hōʻailona kūʻē i nā ʻano hoʻomaʻau a pau. Hiki i nā malihini kipa ke aʻo e pili ana i ka wahi hūnā o Ana ma mua o kona make make ʻana.
14. Begijnhof
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia kēia kaiāulu nani o ʻAmekekona i ke kenekulia ʻumikūmāhā e kūkulu i nā Beguines, kahi ʻaha Kalikiano o nā wahine moe i alakaʻi i nā ola noʻonoʻo a kōkua hoʻi i ka poʻe ʻilihune. ʻO ka hale kahiko loa o ke kūlanakauhale, i kūkulu ʻia i ke kenekulia 16 mau makahiki, mālama ʻia i ke kaiāulu, hoʻokahi o nā hale mokummer ʻelua wale nō e waiwai i nā ʻaoʻao lāʻau kahiko a nani hoʻi. ʻO nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ia wahi ka Engelse Kerk, kahi luakini 15 mau kenekulia a me ka Begijnhof Chapel, ʻo ia ka hale pule ma lalo honua ma ʻAmekekama ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana mai o ka hoʻoponopono hou.
15. Heineken a me kona hale hōʻikeʻike
He ʻāina ʻo pia maikaʻi ʻo Holland a ʻo Heineken kekahi o kāna mau hōʻailona hōʻailona ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka ʻōmole Heineken mua ma ʻAmekekama i 1873 a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia he haneli miliona o ke gula a me ka ʻeleʻele i nā hōʻike āpau mai ia manawa. He hale hōʻikeʻike Heineken Experience i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka mōʻaukala o ka mana, e hōʻike ana i nā kaʻina hana a me nā pono hana i hoʻohana ʻia i ka manawa i ka hana ʻana i ka mea inu punahele.
16. ʻAla Botanical Amsterdam
Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ia i ka makahiki 1638, ʻo ia kekahi o nā wahi kahiko loa o kona ʻano ma ʻEulopa. E like me nā māla botani ʻEulopa ʻē aʻe, ua hānau ʻia ma ke ʻano he "pharmacy kūlohelohe" o ka hale aliʻi, e mahi i nā mea kanu lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e ka ʻepekema ʻepekema o ia manawa. Ua hoʻonui ʻia me ka hoʻonui ʻana o Netherlands i ka East Indies a me ka Caribbean a me nā hale i kēia manawa ma kahi o 6,000 mau mea kanu. ʻO ka paionia o nā genetics a me ka mea ʻike hou o Mendel's Laws, ʻo Hugo de Vries, i holo i ka māla botanical ma waena o 1885 a me 1918.
17. Kahului Vondelpark
ʻO kēia paka o ʻaneʻane hapalua miliona mau mika mika ka mea i pinepine pinepine ʻia ma ʻAmekekama, me kahi o 10 miliona mau kipa i ka makahiki. He mau haleʻaina kona me nā kaona ʻoluʻolu kahi e kau ai ka poʻe, ʻoiai nā ākea ākea o nā lau nahele, nā ulu lāʻau a me nā māla e hoʻohana ai no ka leʻaleʻa o waho, ka hele wāwae, ka jogging, ke kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa a me ka ʻai ʻana. He holoholona liʻiliʻi kekahi ko kēia Hale Hōʻikeʻike Nūlani Nani kahi hauʻoli o nā keiki.
18. Artis
Ua wehe ʻia ka Artis Royal Zoo i ka makahiki 1838 ma ke ʻano he zoo Holani mua a i kēia mau hale ma kahi o 7,000 mau holoholona. Loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau aquarium e hoʻohou ai i ke ola kai, me hoʻokahi e hōʻike ana i nā auwai o ke kūlanakauhale. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hale hōʻikeʻike honua a me kahi planetarium. ʻO ka wahi i ʻimi nui ʻia e nā keiki liʻiliʻi, ʻo ia ka Children's Farm, kahi kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke launa pū me nā holoholona kūloko, e like me nā moa, nā pā a me nā kao. Hoʻokahi ʻāpana e hana hou i ke ola ma ka savannah ʻApelika.
19. ʻO Concertgebouw maoli
He kūlanakauhale nui ʻo ʻAmekona me kahi hana mele nui i loko o ka makahiki a ʻo ka Concertgebouw, ʻokoʻa kona nani hoʻolālā, hauʻoli i ka inoa ʻo ia kekahi o nā hale ʻahamele papa mele me nā acoustics maikaʻi loa o ka honua. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ia i ka makahiki 1888 me ka ʻahamele o 120 mau mea hoʻokani mele a me nā mea hīmeni he 500 i ka papa hīmeni, nā hana a Bach, Beethoven, Handel lāua ʻo Wagner i hana. Hāʻawi ia i kēia manawa ma kahi o 800 mau ʻahamele i kēlā me kēia makahiki i loko o kāna hale hālāwai ʻelua.
20. Melkweg
He kikowaena moʻomeheu ia e hoʻohui i nā wahi i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ke mele, ka hulahula, keaka, ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a me ke paʻi kiʻi. ʻO ka hale nui ka hale ʻaha hīmeni, me ka mākaukau no 1,500 mea nānā. He 140 mau noho o ka hale keaka a me ka lumi kiʻiʻoniʻoni me 90. ʻO ka hale he hale hana waiū ma mua, a mai laila i lawe ʻia ai ka inoa ʻo Melkweg. Ua kūkulu hou ʻia ka hale hana i nā makahiki 1970 e kahi NGO a lilo i kikowaena moʻomeheu kaulana i kēia lā.
21. Muziekgebouw aan 't IJ
ʻO ia kahi hale ʻahamele ʻē aʻe i kaulana no kāna mau mele. ʻO ia ka home i ka Hōʻike Hōlani, ka hanana mua loa o kāna ʻano ma Netherlands, ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kāna huakaʻi i 1947. Ua hoʻomaka me ke mele, keaka, ke keaka mele a me nā hulahula o kēia wā, a ma ka manawa o ke kinima, nā kiʻi ʻike, nā multimedia a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻohui ʻia. aʻo. Aia ia ma ke alo o kekahi o nā auwai o ʻAmekekama.
22. Amsterdam Arena
ʻO Amsterdam ke kūlanakauhale pīpeku Hōlani kaulana loa a ʻo ka Amsterdam Arena kahi home o Ajax, ka hui pōpeku o ke kūlanakauhale, ka hui ʻelua o ʻEulopa e lanakila i ka Champions League 3 mau manawa i ka lālani, ma hope o ka hana ʻana ma waena o 1971 a me 1973, me ka lima pū kekahi. na ka mea moʻoʻōlelo ʻo Johan Cruyff a me ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Total Football" He aneane 53,000 ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i ke kahua a ʻo ia nō hoʻi kahi no nā ʻahamele haʻuki ʻē aʻe a me nā wahi o nā hōʻike mele nui.
23. Ko ka Mōʻī lā
ʻO Holland kahi ʻāina o ka moʻomeheu mōʻī nui a hoʻolauleʻa ʻia ka lā o ka Mōʻī me ka hoihoi nui, ʻo ia ka lā nui lāhui o ke Aupuni o Netherlands. Hoʻololi ia i kona inoa e like me ka moekolohe o ka mōʻī a i ka wā o ka noho aliʻi wahine ʻo ia ka lā o ka Mōʻī wahine. He loli ke ʻano o ka hoʻolauleʻa ʻana, e loli ana mai ka lā hānau a hiki i ka lā o ke kalauna aliʻi a me ka lā o ka haʻalele ʻia ʻana o nā aliʻi ʻokoʻa. Ma nā lā nui o ka lehulehu, komo ka poʻe i kahi ʻalani, ka waihoʻoluʻu aupuni, a he kuʻuna ke kūʻai aku i nā mea āpau i koe ma ka home ma nā mākeke alanui, ʻo ka manawa wale nō ia o ka makahiki e koi ʻole ʻia ai ka ʻae kānāwai e hana pēlā. Hoʻokipa ʻo King's Day i nā haneli he haneli o ka poʻe kipa i ʻAmekekama.
24. Pāʻina Manaʻo
Ua ʻaʻahu ʻia ka Amsterdam Arena i nā kala no Sensation, kekahi o nā ʻahaʻaina kaulana loa ma ʻEulopa. Ua hoʻonani ʻia ke kahua pāʻani me nā kala keʻokeʻo, nā mea pena kiʻi a me nā mea i komo e komo i nā lole keʻokeʻo a me nā mele uila i hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka wela o nā mea komo lima hoihoi o 50,000. ʻO ka hanana, i kapa ʻia ʻo Sensation White, ʻo ia kona inoa kumu, i ke kauwela, ka Pōʻaono mua o Iulai. Ma waho aʻe o ke mele, aia nā hōʻike acrobatic a me nā ahi ahi a me nā kukui.
25. E holo paikikala kākou!
I ke Aupuni o Nekelani a ʻo nā lālā hoʻi o ka Royal House e holo kaʻa paikikala. ʻO Holland ka ʻāina o nā paikikala a ʻo ʻAmekika ke kapikala nui o ka honua o nā kaiaola o ka lawe ʻana. I ka hoʻonohonoho a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā alanui, manaʻo mākou e pili ana i nā paikikala ma mua a laila e pili ana i nā kaʻa. ʻAneʻane i nā ala nui āpau a me nā alanui i loaʻa nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa. ʻO ka mea i lawe nui ʻia mai nā kahawai o ke kūlanakauhale ka ʻaihue ʻia o nā paika i kiola ʻia i loko o ka wai, ma kahi o 25,000 i ka makahiki. Ke hele ʻoe i Amsterdam, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻalele i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano o ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻāina.
Hoʻopau mākou i kā mākou huakaʻi i nā mokupuni, nā alahaka a me nā ʻauwaha o ʻAmekekama, a me nā mea hoihoi a pau, me ka manaʻolana ua makemake ʻoe iā ia. E ʻike hou iā ʻoe no ka hele wāwae ʻoluʻolu hou.
