He kūlanakauhale kahiko ʻo Ayapango ma ke kahakai komohana o ka Iztaccíhuatl, kahi hānau o ka haku mele kaulana ʻo Aquiauhtzin.
Aia ʻo Ayapango ma kahi kokoke loa i Amecameca; He kūlanakauhale maʻamau ia me nā alanui cobbled a me nā hale me nā kaupaku i uhi ʻia, me nā tile pālahalahaʻeleʻele, ʻano o kēia ʻāina.
I kēia manawa, ma kahi o 5,200 ka poʻe e noho nei i ke kaona, ʻo ka hapanui o lākou he poʻe paʻahana o ka lā e mahi i ka mahiʻai mahiʻai a me ka mahiʻai waiū, ʻoiai ʻo ka hana ʻana i ka tī kekahi hana nui i ke kaona. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, aia kekahi mau mahiʻai e hana i nā derivatives waiū, i waena e kū nei ʻo "El Lucero".
Ua hōʻea mākou i kēia kaona e ka kaulana o kāna mau ʻeka a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kekahi o nā haciendas ma mua a me nā wahi hānai, e like me ka hacienda Retana ma mua a me ka pā hānai ʻo Santa María, i lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau kiʻi ʻoniʻoni no nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻokoʻa Mekiko.
Ma ke kaona ʻike mākou i nā hale, nā hanana a me nā kiʻi o ka mōʻaukala i ʻoi aku i kā mākou mau manaʻo mua, e waiho ana i ka ʻimi no nā wahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni kaulana i hope.
ʻO Ayapango na Gabriel Ramos Millán
Aia ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo Mekiko, loaʻa i ke kaona ka inoa piha o Ayapango mai Gabriel Ramos Millán, no ka mea ma kēia kaona i hānau ʻia ai ka loio ʻo Ramos Millán i ka makahiki 1903, a ua koho ʻia ʻo ia ka hope i 1943 a me ka senator ma 1946; I ka 1947, Komikina ʻia e Pelekikena Miguel Alemán, ua hoʻokumu ʻo ia i ka National Corn Commission, nāna i hoʻolauna i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā hybrid a me nā hua i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ma Mekiko; Ua hoʻolaha ʻia ka mahele ʻana o nā ʻāina ākea ma ke komohana o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Mekiko a ʻike mua i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale i ka hema. ʻo ia kekahi, ʻo ia ke kākoʻo o kekahi mau mea pena kiʻi. Ua make ʻo Ramos Millán i ka makahiki 1949 ma kahi mokulele mokulele i kona wā e huakaʻi ana mai Oaxaca a i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Mexico. i ka hui o ka mea hana keaka Blanca Estela Pavón (1926-1949), i make pū i ka ulia. Ua hāʻule ka mokulele ma Pico del Fraile, kahi kiʻekiʻe e pili ana iā Popocatépetl. Ua make kokoke ʻo Gabriel Ramos Millán i mua o kona poʻe.
Ma waho aʻe o ka inoa o ke kaona, i kēia lā ua hoʻomanaʻo ʻia kēia meʻe kūloko o kona umauma, ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kiosk kauhale, a me kona inoa ma ke kula mua o ke aupuni a ma ke alanui nui ma ke kaona Pēlā nō, ma loko o ka hale aliʻi e hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kāna kiʻi aila. Noho pū ka hale o ka ʻohana o ke ʻano, ma ka waiwai e lawe i ka inoa pre-Hispanic o Tehualixpa.
ʻO Pre-Hispanic kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe, ʻike ʻole ʻia akā ʻaʻole mea nui loa: ʻo Aquiauhtzin Cuauhquiyahuacatzintli, ke aliʻi wahine ʻōiwi i hānau ʻia i ka makahiki 1430, ka mea kākau o ka "Song of the Women of Chalco", i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo "La Enemiga", a i ʻole "Song Warrior of the Soldaderas Chalcas ”. Lawe ʻia kona inoa e ka House of Culture o ke kaona.
ʻO ka mea kākau moʻolelo o Ayapango, ʻo Professor Julián Rivera López, i haʻi mai iā mākou ua lawe ka mea kākau moʻolelo ʻo Miguel León-Portilla i kāna mau haumāna i kēia kaona e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke mele kaulana o Aquiauhtzin, kekahi o kāna mau paukū penei:
"E hāʻule paha kou puʻuwai i loko o ka lapuwale, e ka hanohano Axayácatl? Eia kou mau lima hanohano, me kou mau lima e lawe iaʻu. E ʻoluʻolu kāua. Ma kāu moena pua kahi āu e noho nei, e ka hoa hanohano, e hāʻawi iki iki aku, e hiamoe, e noho mālie. e kuʻu keiki kāne, ʻo ʻoe, e Mr. Axayácatl ... "
Ke kumu o ka inoa o Ayapango
ʻO Ayapango mai Eyapanco, i hana ʻia e ey (a i ʻole yei), ʻekolu; apantli (apancle), caño a acequia paha, a me co, en, a me nā ʻano: "I nā kahawai ʻekolu a i ʻole acequias", ʻo ia hoʻi, "ma kahi e hui ai nā ʻauwai ʻekolu".
ʻEkolu paha mau ʻāpana i hoʻomaka a i hoʻohuli ʻia paha ma kēia pūnaewele a ma aneʻi paha i hoʻohuli ʻia lākou i ka makemake, e like me nā koi o ka milapa, no ka mea, ua ʻike maopopo he pilikia nā ʻōnaehana irrigation o ka poʻe Mekiko kahiko.
Kaapuni ʻana iā Ayapango
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka hale aliʻi nui ka luakini nui o Ayapango, ʻo ia ka hale pule a me ka hale pule mua o Santiago Apóstol, nona ka atrium wahie e hoʻopuni ʻia e ka paia crenellated, no laila nā hiʻohiʻona o nā luakini Karistiano o nā kenekulia 16 a me 17 i Mexico. . Aia ka ʻahaʻaina patronal ma ka lā 25 o Iune.
Ma hope ua hele mākou i El Calvario, kahi hale kolohe ʻo Franciscan i hōʻino ʻia ma kahi o ʻelua mau mile i ka hema. He kūkulu kahiko ia e piʻi aʻe ma luna o kahi puʻu pōhaku lua pele. Minamina ke hāʻule nei a kōkua ʻia e nā lima lawehala nāna e ʻaihue nā hae kālai nani. Hoʻomanaʻo kahi jasmine kenekulia i ka mea ma mua o ka māla. Kūpono kēia hale kahiko i ka laki maikaʻi, ke lana nei ka manaʻo hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia ma mua o kona hiolo loa ʻana, poina ʻia e ka poʻe e pono ke lilo i kahu mālama nui loa.
A laila kipa mākou i nā koena o nā wahi neoneo o ka waiwai kahiko o Santa Cruz Tamariz. Ua haʻi mai ke kākau ʻōlelo aupuni iā mākou ua hōʻea mai kēia mau wahi i nā ʻohana he nui e noho nei i kēia mau wahi.
Aia kēia hacienda ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kaona o Kapalakiko Zentlalpan, nona kahi luakini nani loa me ka ʻaoʻao holoʻokoʻa - me nā kolamu - i hana ʻia me ka tezontle. Ma ke ala, i ke komo ʻana i ka atrium paia a crenellated o kēia luakini, pono ʻoe e hele i ke alahaka i kūkulu ʻia e nā hoanoho ma Mei 21, 1891.
Hele pū mākou i nā luakini o nā kūlanakauhale a ʻelele kēia o kēia kaona: San Martín Pahuacán, San Bartolo Mihuacán, San Juan Tlamapa, San Dieguito Chalcatepehuacan a me San Cristóbal Poxtla. Ma ka puka o kēia kauhale hope loa, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke ala, kahi mahiʻai ʻo "El Lucero", ʻo ia ka mea hana nui i ka tī i kēia wahi. ʻO Mrs. María del Pilar García Luna, ka mea nona a me ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i kēia ʻoihana kūleʻa, a me kāna kaikamahine, ʻo Elsa Aceves García, i ʻae iā mākou e ʻike pehea i hana ʻia ai ka waiū ʻaʻano Oaxaca: mai kahi pahu kila kila nui me ka wai wela, ʻekolu mau kāne Hoʻomaka lākou e huki i kahi 60 kg nui o ka tī, a hohola lākou ia e hana i kahi ʻāpana o 40 cm ke anawaena e 3 m ka lōʻihi, a laila hoʻomau lākou i ka huki ʻana i nā ʻāpana lahilahi a lākou i ʻoki a hoʻolauna aku ai i kahi pahu wai hou anuanu. , e hana ma hope i nā "tangles" o ka tī o hoʻokahi kilogram. Hana kēia mahiʻai i nā ʻano tī like ʻole e kūʻai aku ʻia i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Mekiko. a me nā mokuʻāina ʻo Puebla, Morelos a me Guerrero.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka mahiʻai "El Lucero" kahi wahi kūpono e hoʻolilo ai i kahi manawa leʻaleʻa a hoʻāʻo i nā mea āpau o ka waiū.
Nāʻike o Ayapango
Ke hele nei ma waena o kēia kaona hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hale nani, ka hapanui o lākou mai ka hopena o 19 a me nā kenekulia 20.
ʻO nā inoa o nā hailona a me nā waiwai nona nā hale, kahiko a kū mau paha, e hoʻomau ʻia e ʻike a kapa ʻia e nā kamaʻāina me nā inoa wahi Nahua maikaʻi, e like me Pelaxtitla, Tepetlipa, Xaltepa, Huitzila, Huitzilyac, Teopanquiahuac, Huitzilhuacan, Teopantitla, Caliecac, ua hoʻomau ʻia mai ka wā pre-Hispanic. ʻO Tecoac, a pēlā aku.
He mea ʻono ke hele a puni nā alanui waena o Ayapango e Gabriel Ramos Millán, ke hele a kahaha i ke kahaha, ke loaʻa nei i nā hale i nā kikoʻī kuhikuhipuʻuone kūpono e mahalo ʻia, e like me "Casa Grande" a me "Casa Afrancesada", me nā ʻīpuka, balconies, lintels, oculi, windowsills and recesses a kupanaha loa he mea kūpono ke hele mākaʻikaʻi i kēia kaona e ʻike a noʻonoʻo iā lākou me ko mākou hiki no ka hauʻoli nani.
Pehea e kiʻi ai i Ayapango
Haʻalele iā D.F. hele ma ke alaloa pekelala a hiki i Chalco, a ma hope o ka hala ʻana i kēia kaona e hoʻomau i Cuautla, a hoʻokahi mile ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i Amecameca, huli no ke ala holo kaʻa. ʻekolu wale nō kilomita ka mamao aku o Ayapango na Gabriel Ramos Millán.
