Ma ke kuahiwi Temasikaltepec, kahi mea hoʻonui o ka Nevado de Toluca (lua pele Xinantécatl) a me ke ala e hiki ai i ka ʻāina wela o Guerrero, aia kahi mineral kahiko, i kapa ʻia ʻo Real de Arriba, kahi e hiamoe ai i ke awāwa o nā lau nahele.
ʻO nā wahi mauna e hoʻopuni ana i kēlā wahi he pali akā nani ia, me nā kuahiwi kiʻekiʻe, nā awāwa hohonu a me nā awāwa nani. Aia i loko o nā ʻōpū o kēia mau mauna ke gula a me ke kālā. ʻO ka muliwai ʻo El Vado e hele i kēlā kaiāulu e hānau ʻia ma nā kapuwai o ka Nevado de Toluca, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka lua pele; He kahawai ia me kahi kahe mau e hana ma hope i hoʻokahi kahawai me ka muliwai Temascaltepec a kahe i loko o nā Balsas.
I Real de Arriba, hānau ʻia he ʻehā mau pūnāwai kahi e kahe ai ka wai hou i kēlā me kēia lā o ka makahiki. He lauwili loa nā mea kanu o kēia wahi, me nā mea kanu mai nā ʻāina anu a me nā wahi wela, a momona loa kona ʻāina. Ma mua o ka hōʻea ʻana i ke kūlanakauhale hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā puʻu nui o ka pālolo ʻulaʻula, kahi mea hōʻikeʻike nui.
I ka wā ma mua o ka Hispanic, ʻo ke awāwa kahi o Real de Arriba i kēia lā i kapa ʻia ʻo Cacalostoc, ʻo ia hoʻi "ke ana o nā ʻalalā". Ua noho ʻia ka ʻāina e ka Matlatzincas, ka mea hoʻomana iā Quequezque, ke akua o ke ahi. ʻO ka Matlatzincas nā mea i hōʻeha ʻia e nā Aztecs ʻino; ma Cacalostoc he mau tausani o lākou i make a ua hoʻolilo ʻia nā mea i pakele a i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ka hale paʻahao e mōhai ʻia no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana i ke akua koko o ke kaua, ʻo Huitzilopochtli.
Ehia mau haneli a mau tausani mau matlatzincas i luku ʻia i loko o kēia mau hakakā a pau i ʻoi aku i ke kanakolu mau makahiki. Ehia e waiho ʻia ma ke ʻano he kauā a me nā pio a pehea ka nui e holo aku i mua o ka weliweli o ke kaua, e peʻe ai i nā kuahiwi hema! ʻO nā mea i koe e ola nei e hoʻokupu iā Moctezuma.
Hanohano o ka hoʻouku
Ma Cacalostoc ua loaʻa ke gula ma ka honua i nā ana o ka mauna; ʻo ka Matlatzincas mua a me ka Aztecs ma hope ua hana i kahi ʻeli pāpaʻu e huki i nā mea hao a me nā pōhaku makamae. I kēlā manawa he leʻaleʻa ka muliwai ʻo El Vado, ʻo ia hoʻi, he wahi one kahi e waiho mau ai nā au o ka wai i nā huna gula, a laila hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kahi holoi maʻalahi. ʻO ka muliwai kahi holoi gula maoli. ʻO ia nō kahi India mai Texcalitlán, i kapa ʻia ʻo Adriano, nāna i lawe mai i ʻelima mau Sepania e aʻo e pili ana i ka nui o ke gula ma ia wahi.
I ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia 16 (ma waena o 1570 a me 1590), a ma ia manawa ua hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Real de Arriba ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana minia nui o ke kolone. I kēlā manawa aia ma mua o kanakolu mau mines i ka hana piha, no nā ʻohana Sepania; Ma mua o 50 Paniolo, 250 kauā, 100 Indians i hāʻawi ʻia iā lākou a 150 mau miners i hana ma laila. I kāna hana, koi kēia mineral he 386 mills e pōmaikaʻi i ka metala i lawe ʻia, ka nui o ke gula a me ke kālā, a me nā metala ʻē aʻe nui ʻole. Mahalo i ka piʻi ʻana o Real de Arriba, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā kūlanakauhale catechized ʻē aʻe, e like me Valle de Bravo a me Temasaltepec.
I ka kenekulia 17, ua hoʻomau ʻo Real de Arriba i kekahi o nā moku hoʻoilina i makemake nui ʻia ma New Spain; I kēlā manawa, hoʻokumu ʻia nā hale hoʻokipa, nā hale wili hao a me nā lio lio i hoʻolako i nā mea e pono ai nā mines e hoʻomau i ka hana.
Ua hoʻomau ʻia ka nani o ka mining ma loko o ke kenekulia 18, a laila kūkulu ʻia ka luakini o Real de Arriba, nona ka puka Baroque i ʻelua mau ʻāpana a me ka puka komo o ka piʻo semi-pōʻai, ka mea i hoʻonani hope ʻia. Ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao o ka puka komo aia ʻelua mau kia stipe, ʻano o ke kaila Churrigueresque. He nave ko ka luakini, a ma loko o laila kahi kuahu baroque i kālai ʻia a me nā lāʻau i kālai ʻia, kahi e kū ai ke keʻa a me ka Virgin of Sorrows. ʻO kēia luakini baroque nani, kahi i nani a nani i nā manawa o ka hoʻoulu mining, kū kū hoʻokahi i kēia lā, e like me ke kāula kahiko e noho ana ma ke kūlou i ke ala e hoʻomanaʻo nei i nā hanohano i hala a me ka poʻe pono me kāna poʻe mehameha.
ʻO ka emi ʻana o ke gula
I ka wā o ke kūʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa ua hōʻea ka hāʻule mua o ka mineral, a i ke koena o ke kenekulia 19 he nui nā kamaʻāina i haʻalele i ke kaona no ka nele o ka hana. Eia nō naʻe, i ka manawa o General Santa Anna, a ma hope o ka Porfiriato, hāʻawi ke aupuni i nā ʻae like ʻole i nā hui Pelekane a me ʻAmelika no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā maina, kahi i hōʻeha i ke ola hou iā Real de Arriba; ʻo nā mines i hana i ke gula a me ke kālā, ʻo ia nā Magdalena, Gachupinas, Quebradillas, El Socorro, La Guitarra a me Albarrada.
I ka makahiki 1900, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā hana gula mai nā minina o El Rincón, Mina Vieja, San Antonio a me Santa Ana ma muli o ka hōʻea ʻana mai o ke kapikala ʻEnelani, nāna i lawe mai nā ʻenehana hou no ka hemo ʻana o ka metala. I ka 1912 ua hoʻonāukiuki nui ka ʻāpana e ka Zapatistas, a ʻo Real ka wahi o nā kaua koko, akā i ka hopena o ke kipi ua hoʻi hou nā limahana o nā mines i nā mines.
Ma kahi o 1940, nā kumu like ʻole i hōʻemi loa i ka hana mining. Ua pani ʻia nā mines ʻo Real de Arriba, a ʻo nā poʻe noho ʻāina ʻaʻohe ona ʻāina pono e haʻalele i ia wahi. ʻO ka nui o ka wai a me ka momona o ka ʻāina i ʻae i ke kaiāulu e lilo i mahiʻai āpau a hoʻomohala i ke kālepa me Temascaltepec a me Toluca.
ʻOiaʻiʻo mai luna mai i kēia lā
I kēia manawa i loko o kēia kaona nani kahi kuata nani me kāna kiosk a me nā helehelena o kona mau hale kahiko i pena ʻia i nā pale like ʻole, a hāʻawi ia i kahi kala kala. ʻO kāna mau alaloa me kāna mau hale kahiko akā mālama maikaʻi ʻia, hoʻihoʻi iā mākou i ka wā i hala, i ke ʻano o ka maluhia a me ka maluhia. Aia nō he hale wili kahiko kahi āu e ʻike ai i nā mīkini i lawe ʻia mai e ka poʻe Pelekania i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia. Noho ka hapa nui o kona mau paia mai ka La Providencia beneficiation farm, i ʻike ʻia ʻo El Polvorín, e ʻimi aʻe ana i waena o nā mea ulu mānoanoa.
He mau minuke mai ke kaona ke wahi neoneo o ka mea he mina nui loa ma El Real: El Rincón. Ma aneʻi, i ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia, aia kahi hana mining nui me nā hale he nui, kahi leʻaleʻa me nā hale kiaʻi, nā hale o nā mea minia, a pēlā aku. I kēia lā aia wale nō kekahi mau paia a me nā pōhaku e haʻi iā mākou e pili ana i kēia bonanza kahiko.
I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20 ua ʻōlelo ʻia nona: "ʻO nā mīkini i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia mine he mea hou loa ia, a ʻo ka ʻoihana ikaika nona ka mea ʻaʻole i haʻalele i nā uku e kau ai ... ʻO nā keʻena metala pepa like ʻole e hoʻomālamalama ʻia me ka kukui. piʻo… ʻO ke kālā momona a me nā ʻāʻī gula o El Rincón i hana nui i ke kūkā kūkā. Loaʻa iā ia kahi pōmaikaʻi nui loa i loaʻa i kekahi mau mines, o ka loaʻa ʻana o kāna mahiʻai pono, hāʻawi maikaʻi ʻia me nā mea āpau āpau ... ʻO Mr. Bullock, he mea minamina huakaʻi ʻEnelani, i lawe mai i nā mīkini mahu mua ma ka hoki e kōkua me nā ʻano hana kaumaha loa i nā mines Real de Arriba, kuhi paha kekahi o lākou, ka mea i ʻike ʻia ʻo El Rincón mine ”.
I loko nō naʻe o kēia paahana loea ʻenehana, haʻi mai nā hōʻike ʻē aʻe o ka manawa iā mākou e pili ana i ke kūlana o nā mea minia: "ʻAʻole kōkua ʻia nā mea holoi alanui, nā mea lawe ukana, nā ademadores a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e kūkulu i ko lākou mau kaona, a i ʻole e ʻoluʻolu i ko lākou mau home ... maʻa mau i waena o nā mea miner weliweli a pōloli hoʻi ... Ua iho nā miners i ke winch me ka wikiwiki e kanu iā lākou iho i nā ʻauamo a me nā tunnels metala. ʻO ka hana a ka mea miner he ʻehaʻeha loa kāna makemake ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka winch piʻi e noho me kona ʻohana.
I ka hale kupapaʻu, mālama ʻia kahi hale pule maoli mai ka makahiki 18 a me kekahi mau tambas mai ka waena o ke kenekulia i hala. Ma ka palena o ke kaona aia kahi hale neoclassical mai ke kenekulia 18 me nā neo-Gothic, ka luakini o San Mateo Almoloya. Ma ke komo ʻana i Real de Arriba, hala ʻoe ma ke alahaka ʻo La Hoz, kahi i kākau ai kahi pākaukau: "1934-1935 Lane rincón Mines Inc." e hoʻomanaʻo mai iā mākou mai kēlā mamao loa 1555, i ka wā a ka Texcaltitlán India i lawe mai ai i ʻelima mau Sepania a Hoʻomaka ka hana ʻino o kēia ʻāina i ke koko o ka Matlatzincas i mōhai ʻia i ke akua ʻo Huitzilopochtli, ua hala he 400 mau makahiki no ka poʻe hao wale e hoʻopau i ka naʻau o kēia ʻāina hanohano a lokomaikaʻi hoʻi.
Inā ʻoe e hele maoli
Mai Toluca, e hele i ke ala aupuni pekelala no. 134 i Temascaltepec (90 km), a mai kēia kaona aia kahi ala lepo o 10 km e hiki aku ai i Real de Arriba. Inā hoʻoholo ʻoe e noho i kekahi mau lā ma aneʻi, pono ʻoe e noho ma Temasikaltepec, no ka mea, ma Real de Arriba ʻaʻohe hale kūkulu hōkele a ʻaʻohe hale ʻaina paha.
