Hāʻawi ka mālama ʻana i nā mea leʻaleʻa pau ʻole, mai nā mea e pili ana i nā pilikia noʻonoʻo, e like me ka hoʻokahuli ʻana i ka claustrophobia a me ka makaʻu i ka hohonu hohonu, i ka hauʻoli e hoʻopuni ana i kēlā mau manawa ke hoʻopau ʻia ka palapala ʻāina o ke ana ma hope o nā hola pau ʻole o ka hana ma waena. lepo, guano, wai a anuanu.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ka manaʻo o ke kiʻi ʻana i ka hopena o kekahi o nā ana i ʻaʻa ai nā poʻe ʻimi holoholona waiwai e hele i kahi mau mika wale nō i loko.
ʻIke koke mākou e hiki ke loaʻa nā pūʻiwa i manaʻo ʻole ʻia i ka waiho ʻana. ʻO kahi laʻana, he aha ke ʻano o ke ana i lilo i mea ʻē aʻe āpau.
I ka manawa, i ka makahiki 1985, ua hoʻokumu mākou i ko mākou wahi noho ma Pinar de la Venta, Jalisco, ua makaʻala mākou i kekahi mea e hōʻike ana i ke kū ʻana o nā ana. " I kekahi lā ua nānā mākou i kekahi mea e like me kēia ma kahi kokoke i La Venta del Astillero, a ua hoʻoholo mākou e noiʻi.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka puka e like me ka waha o ke kia nui, 17 m ke kiʻekiʻe a 5 m ākea, a alakaʻi ʻia i kahi lumi nui i hoʻomālamalama ʻia me nā kukuna o ke kukui i komo i loko o ʻekolu mau puka ākea - 50 a 60 cm paha ka laulā. anawaena- aia ma ke kaupaku. Kupaianaha! Ua manaʻo mākou. ʻO kēia lua he 70 m ka hohonu, 10 ākea ākea a 20 kiʻekiʻe a me he mea lā ua hoʻoholo ʻia kona hopena e kahi puʻu nui o ka honua mai kahi pae honua ma luna, a mākou i hōʻoia ai i ka piʻi ʻana. ʻO ka lua nui me he mea lā i hoʻokumu ʻia (me nā mea pahū). Ua loʻohia mākou e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ka puʻu, e like me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke ana i loko o kahi ana liʻiliʻi (3 a 4 m paha ka laulā); I ka loaʻa ʻole o kā mākou pūʻulu iho, pono mākou e haʻalele i kēlā hana no kekahi manawa ʻē aʻe. Eia naʻe, ua huakaʻi mākou i ke ala o kahi e hoʻomau ai ke ana. I mea e hoʻonui ai i kā mākou pīhoihoi, i kekahi mau mika ma mua ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi lua e like me nā mea o ka lua nui, a kōkua ʻia e kā mākou ipukukui a me nā ʻiliʻili a mākou i hoʻolei ai i loko, ua manaʻo mākou i ka hohonu o 20 mika. Eia hou, ua ʻike mākou i kahi laina pololei i hoʻokumu ʻia mai ka puka komo i ke ana a me ka hāʻule. Ua hele wāwae iki mākou a loaʻa hou kahi lua like me ka hohonu like.
I nā lā ma hope mai, i ka hui o ke kālaihonua henri de Saint Pierre, ua loaʻa iā mākou he 75 mau lua pohihihi, hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka laina pololei i ka ʻākau, me kahi mamao o 11 a me 12 m ma waena o kekahi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, o ka mua 29. Ka mamao ma waena o ʻokoʻa ka poʻe ʻē aʻe. Ma ka 260 m ua lilo ka laina i "Y". Ua huli komohana kahi ʻāpana i ka puʻu ʻo El Tepopote. Ua hele ka ʻē aʻe i ka ʻākau hikina, akā ma muli o ka ulu ʻana ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokolokolo. Ma kēlā ʻauinalā ua huki mākou me Henri i kahi palapala ʻāina o kahi ʻē.
He aha nā mea a pau? Inā i hoʻokumu ʻia no nā kumu kūlohelohe, e like me kā Henri i manaʻo ai, pehea lā ia? Inā na ka lima o ke kanaka ia, he aha ke kumu o ka hana ʻano ʻē? I kēlā me kēia hihia, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo kūpono wale nō i kēlā manawa ua loaʻa iā mākou kahi ana me 75 nā puka komo i kahi ma kahi o hoʻokahi kilomita.
ʻO ka probe i iho ai mākou i loko o kekahi o nā lua e hōʻike ana i ka noho ʻana o ka wai ma lalo, a me nā koena noho kanaka ma nā wahi kokoke i kahi ranchería. Mai ia manawa mai, poina ka manaʻo o ka hoʻomau ʻana me ka hoʻokolokolo.
I kekahi lā ʻē aʻe, ua iho mākou i kahi o ka hāʻule. ʻIke i ka mea a mākou i ʻike ai ma ke ala e hoʻoholo ai i ka huakaʻi.
Ma ke kau ʻana i ko mākou mau wāwae i ka honua a me ka ʻike ʻole ʻana i kahi ʻala ʻoluʻolu ʻole, ua kau ʻia ko mākou nānā i ka wahi ponoʻī. ʻAʻole mākou i hewa. ʻO ia kahi lua i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e like me ke ana o ke ana, i kālai ʻia i ka lehu lua pele kuʻina i hala nā kenekulia i lilo i enjal (kahi mai ka huaʻōlelo "Jalisco"). Ua heleleʻi ka lā i loko o nā puka ākea i loko o ke kaupaku, e like me nā kolamu gula ʻōlinolino, a hoʻomālamalama i nā paia o ia wahi a laila aniani i ke kahawai, me ka paʻakikī, hele i waena o kekahi mau lālā, nā pōhaku a me nā ʻōpala kahiko i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i kekahi mau wahi. Hoʻomaka mākou i ka hele wāwae i kahi o ka pouli i hoʻomālamalama hou ʻia ai ka 11 a i ka 12 m paha. Ma kahi o 150 mau m ma mua, ua pio ka honua e hana i auwai i koi iā mākou e "chime" i kahi lōʻihi. A laila ʻike mākou i kahi kūkulu cubic i hana ʻia i ka brick a me nā ʻāpana o kahi paipu kahiko. Ua hōʻoia ka loaʻa i ka mea a mākou i lohe ai mai kekahi poʻe ma La Venta: "Ua ʻōlelo ʻia no kekahi manawa lōʻihi i hāʻawi ʻia ka wai mai laila mai e hoʻolako i ke kaona." Ua hōʻoia kekahi i ka manawa ma 1911, ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka wai no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā locomotives mahu i kū ma laila. ʻAʻole naʻe kekahi i hāʻawi mai iā mākou i ka ʻike e hoʻokokoke aku ai iā mākou i ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kumu o ke ana. Ua pau ka ʻimi ʻana o kēlā lā i ka wā i ʻike ai mākou i kahi ʻōpala nui i hoʻopili ʻia ma mua o hoʻokahi holoholona i kahi pae holomua loa o ka putrefaction.
Hele mai nā ARCHAEOLOGISTS i ka hana
ʻO ke kauwela ia o ka makahiki 1993 i ko mākou hui ʻana me ka archaeologist ʻo Chris Beekman, ka mea i hele mai e hana i kekahi hana ma ka nahele like. Ua noho ʻo Chris ma Pinar de la Venta a mai ia manawa ua ukali mākou iā ia ma kekahi o kāna mau mākaʻikaʻi e ʻiʻini nei i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā hana a nā kūpuna.
I kekahi manawa ua kono mākou iā ia i kā mākou "ana o 75 e komo ai." I ko lākou hele ʻana i ka paepae, ka "lumi nui", nānā ʻo Chris a puni me ke kahaha. "MMM. ʻAʻole kūlohelohe kēia ", ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia me he mea kamaʻilio pū iā ia iho, a ʻo mākou, hoihoi, ukali iā ia. "ʻIke i kēlā mau lepe elongated ma laila?" Nīnau ʻo ia iā mākou, e kuhikuhi ana i ke kaupaku, i ka ʻaoʻao o kekahi o nā puka pōʻai. "Ua hana ʻia lākou me kahi ʻohi a i ʻole kahi mea hana like," hoʻomau ʻo ia, a hoʻomaka nā kānalua e hulahula ma luna o ko mākou mau poʻo. A laila, e nīnau ana i kona manaʻo no ke kumu o nā lua, ua haka pono ʻo ia i kona mau maka i kekahi o kēlā mau puka i puka ai, i ka wā ma mua, ke kahaha, ua nānā mākou i ka iho ʻana o nā kukuna o ka lā.
"ʻAe ... maikaʻi ... Aha!", A ua koi ʻo ia iā mākou e nānā i nā dimples ma nā ʻalalā, e ʻeli ʻia paha e kau i nā lima a me nā wāwae. "ʻOi aku kēia ma mua o ke ana," ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia me ke ʻano o ka lanakila ma kona mau maka.
I kekahi mau manawa wale nō ua maopopo iā mākou ua komo ka lima o ke kanaka i loko o kēlā ana; ʻo kēia ana ʻo… kekahi mea ʻē aʻe.
I ka manawa a Chris i hoʻomaopopo aku ai i ka mea ʻike loea archaeologist Phil Weigando e pili ana i ka pūnaewele, ke kānalua nei i kahi mea kūikawā, ʻaʻole ʻo ia i hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa.
"Aʻohe kānalua. He unqanat kēia, "haʻi mai ʻo Weigand iā mākou ke komo ʻo ia i kahi. "A, i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, he koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi kona ma muli o ka ʻike e hāʻawi mai iā mākou e pili ana i kēia ʻano ʻōnaehana a me ka wai i ʻAmelika i ka wā o ke kolone," hoʻomau ʻo ia. A hiki i kēlā manawa, ʻo ia ka qanat mua i ʻike ʻia ma ke komohana o Mexico.
ʻO Unqanat (huaʻōlelo ʻAlapia) kahi wai wai lalo e holo ai ka wai mai kahi kihi a i kahi. ʻEli ʻia ka tunnel ma lalo o ka papa wai a hiki i ka hopena ma kēlā mau wahi e koi ʻia ai ka wai. Hāʻawi nā puka ma luna i ka ea e like me ka maʻalahi o ke alawai no ka mālama. Ke hoʻomaka ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana, ua sila ʻia kēia mau lua e kahi pōhaku, kahi a mākou e ʻike ai i kanu mau ʻia ai ma ka ʻaoʻao o lākou. ʻO ka hope ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka wai i loko o ka wai ʻauʻau.
Wahi a ka noiʻi a Weigand, no kekahi poʻe mōʻaukala ka qanat i hele mai mai Armenia (15th kenekulia BC); no kekahi poʻe, mai nā wao nahele o Peresia kahiko, i kēia manawa ʻo ʻIrani. ʻO ka qanat lōʻihi loa ma kēia mau ʻāina he 27 kilomita. ʻO kēia ʻenehana akamai, hana ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia i nā kūlana ino loa, hoʻolaha ʻia mai ka Hikina Waena a ʻApelika a lawe ʻia mai i Mekiko e nā Paniolo, ka mea i aʻo ʻia mai ka poʻe Moroccan. Ma waena o nā qanat i loaʻa ma Mekiko, aia kekahi ma ke awāwa ʻo Tehuacán, Tlaxcala, a me Coahuila.
Ua koho ʻo Chris Beekman i kahi hoʻonui o 3.3 km ma kēia wahi, ʻoiai, ma muli o nā mana o nā kamaʻāina, manaʻo ʻo ia ua hiki aku paha ma kahi o 8 km. Ua hoʻopili ʻia ka auwai nui i ʻekolu kumu wai ʻokoʻa a pau i kahi mahi holoholona kahiko ma La Venta, kahi i hana nui ai i ka mahiʻai i ka wā maloʻo, ke hiki ʻole ke mālama i nā pae wai maikaʻi inā mākou e noʻonoʻo i ka ʻāina. he porous ia e ke kūlohelohe. Mai kahi manaʻo hoʻokele waiwai, e like me kā Weigand i ʻōlelo ai, i ka wā o ka noho kolone, ka ʻeli ʻana - mai 160,000 mau tona o ka honua i kū mai - ma mua o nā mea nui āpau.
ʻO ka hana a mākou i komo ai i loko o nā cavers, geologists a archaeologists ma elqanatde La Venta, hiki ke hoʻokipa i ka hoihoi o nā mea kākau moʻolelo kūloko e hoʻomaka i ke kaʻina hana e kia ana i ka mālama a me ka pale ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ka hoʻoilina o ka mōʻaukala. ʻO ka hopena o ia hana a laila ka manaʻo e hāʻawi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i ka manawa kūpono e hele ma waena o kēia mau ʻaoʻao a, i ke aumoe o ke ao, kahaha i ka iho ʻana o nā kukuna o ka lā i loko o kēlā mau lua āpau e hana i nā kolamu gula nani.
Puna: Un Mexico Mexico No. 233 / Iulai 1996
