Kakaikahi nā mea i hana ʻia i loaʻa kahi hanana a me ka noho pū ʻana kokoke like me ka maikaʻi loa ma Mekiko e like me ke ala kaʻaahi a me nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi.
Hānau ʻia lāua ʻelua, hemolele a hoʻokō i ka hapa nui o kā lāua ulu ulu ʻana ma ʻEulopa, a wikiwiki a nani hoʻi kā lākou loli ʻana i hala ma mua o ke koena o ka honua. Ua hānau ʻia kēia mau hana a ke kanaka me nā ʻano e pono ai e kūleʻa i ka wāwahi ʻana i nā palena wikiwiki. ʻO ke ala hao, mai kona hoʻomaka ʻana, i hoʻohiki i ka halihali wikiwiki, palekana a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi; Eia nō naʻe, ke kiʻi ʻana, i mea e hoʻopaʻa ai i nā manawa i hōʻike ʻia ai ke kiʻi paʻi kiʻi i ke ʻano o ka wā pōkole o ke kāne i kūlou i ka paio e hoʻopōkole i nā mamao, pono e hoʻokahakaha i nā mea keakea he nui ma mua o ka leʻaleʻa i ka vertigo o ka wikiwiki.
Ua kū mai ke ala kaʻaahi a me nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi i kahi manawa o ka ulu nui ʻana o ka heluna kanaka a me ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻoihana hana i nā ʻāina me kahi ʻoihana waiwai a me ka nohona koʻikoʻi. ʻO Mekiko, no kāna ʻāpana, ʻaʻole i kaʻanalike i kēia mau kūlana: ke hele nei i loko o kahi kūlana politika ʻole e hakakā ana nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua no ka mana, nā liberal a me nā conservatives. Eia naʻe, ua hōʻoia ākea kēia mau ʻenehana hou ua hāʻawi lākou i nā mea hana e kāhāhā, hoʻomaopopo a hana iā lākou iho me kahi ʻanuʻu paʻa, e hōʻea i nā pae nui o ka maikaʻi loa i kā lākou noi, ʻoiai i ka pae aupuni ʻo Mexico.
ʻO ia i ka hoʻomaka o nā 1940s o ka 19 kenekulia i ka wā i lilo ai ka papahana ala kaʻaahi ma Mexico i mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, me kahi kikoo 13-kilomita i hoʻohui i ka Port of Veracruz me ke kapikala o ka ʻāina.
ʻO ka lele ʻana a kokoke i ka lono me nā nūhou, ʻaʻole i liʻuliʻu no ka palahalaha ʻana o nā huila hao ma nā hao hao e pālahalaha ai i ka ʻāina, ʻoiai he hekili ia, ʻaʻole i pale i ka lohe ʻana i ka leo o ka lokomotoma ikaika a komo hoʻi. Ma ke ʻano he mea ola hou a ikaika, e hana ana ia i mea e ulu ai ka ʻenehana a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana.
E like me ke alahao, ua hōʻike mua ʻia ke kaʻina kiʻi ma ke ʻano he nūhou ma ka pae aupuni, a ma ka hopena o ke kolu o nā makahiki o ke kenekulia i hala a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hā o ka wā i ʻike ʻia ua hōʻea ka hana kiʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo daguerreotype i Mekiko. Lawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he kiʻi kiʻi, i loko o ka ʻano kiʻi, ka bourgeoisie Mekiko i hiki ke uku no kēia kaʻina hana, ua hele lākou i mua o ke kāmela, no ka ʻimi ʻana i kiʻi hou o ka hoʻonohonoho kaiāulu, nā panakō, nā mea ʻenehana, nā mea nona nā maina a me nā ʻāina mahiʻai. , i manaʻo e like me nā mea unuhi o ka mōʻaukala, ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoilina i kā lākou kiʻi i nā pua. I kahi ʻano e pili ana i ka make ʻole o ke alo o ke kanaka, hānau ʻia kahi ʻoihana hou, e like me ʻEulopa, ka bohemia kiʻi paʻi kiʻi.
Mahalo i ke paʻi kiʻi hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i kāna realism āpau, ʻo Mexico ʻelua i lawelawe ma ke ʻano he puna no ka hoʻomohala ʻenehana incipient, a me ka hoʻomohala ponoʻī nāna i lawe pū me ia i kahi wā hou o ka automation.
ʻO ia ka manawa i kiʻi ʻia a pena ʻia ke kiʻi e like me ka hopena o ka lima o ka mea pena kiʻi i hiki ʻole ke hāʻawi i kahi kiʻi hōʻoluʻolu o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai i loko o ka puke "Nā lā mahu", ke alahao, i kāna ʻano like me ka paʻi kiʻi ʻana, i kū i ka laina o ka hana e halihali i ke kāmela ma o nā kihi i manaʻo ʻole ʻia o ka ʻāina, e hoʻopaʻa inoa nui nei i nā kaona e kū nei ʻo Mexico. wā hou.
Ma hope, mahalo ka paʻi kiʻi ʻana i kēia hana ma o ka ʻike ʻana i ke kaʻa uila i kiʻi ʻōnaehana ʻia ma nā pā he nui ʻole i kēia lā he ʻāpana o nā waihona lehulehu a me nā waihona pilikino. Hoʻohui pū kēia i ka hoʻoilina hoʻoilina o nā mea paʻi kiʻi ʻē a me nā ʻāina he nui, no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kā lākou hana, i hoʻohui pū ʻia i nā kāmela he nui a ʻaʻole he mau kiʻina paʻi kiʻi, e kiʻi ana i nā kiʻi i ʻoi aku ma mua o ke kahua o kā ka mea kākau, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke ʻōlelo no lākou iho. like o ka evolution me ka wikiwiki a me ka maikaʻi. ʻO nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi e pili ana i ke alahao mahu a ka hale waihona puke ʻo INAH e kiaʻi nei i kēia manawa, ua ʻōlelo mai iaʻu i kahi hui lōkahi e kaʻana like ai ke alahao a me nā kiʻi i ka hanana Mexico. ʻO ka manawa koke, hōʻike ʻia ke kiʻi paʻi kiʻi i nā ʻōuli o ia ʻano hoʻomohala ʻana, a ua alakaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā mea paʻi kiʻi ma nā alanui nui o nā kūlanakauhale i ka nui o ka heluna kanaka.
I ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Mekiko, ʻo kahi laʻana, i ke kanaha makahiki o ke kenekulia i hala, hiki ke helu ʻia nā mea paʻi kiʻi, ka hapa nui o nā haole a i kahi poʻe liʻiliʻi, ma nā manamana lima o ka lima, aia ma nā alanui waena o Plateros a me Kapalakiko, he hapa nui o lākou mai ua kau lākou i kekahi manawa no ka hōkele a hoʻolaha i kā lākou lawelawe ma nā nūpepa kūloko.
Akā ʻelua mau makahiki i hala, ua hana ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi haneli mau keʻena paʻi kiʻi, ma loko a ma waho o kā lākou mau hale, e hoʻohana ana i nā kiʻina i ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki ma mua o daguerreotypes, e like me ke kaʻina maikaʻi maikaʻi ʻole me ka collodion pulu kahi e paʻi ai ma ka hoʻopili ʻana. nā pepa i kahi kaʻa o nā paʻakai kālā e lawe ana i ke kiʻi i albumin a me ke kaula, ma ke kaʻina paʻi ponoʻī i makemake ʻia i ka manawa kūpono e loaʻa ai ke kope, i hōʻike ʻia e nā leo sepia a me nā leo purplish, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka kani leo cyan i hua ʻia e nā paʻakai hao.
ʻAʻole ia a hiki i ka waenakonu o ka makahiki kanawalu i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai ka papa gelatin maloʻo, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ke kaʻina kiʻi a hoʻolako ʻia i nā kaukani kiʻi he mau kaukani, ʻaʻole wale me ka manaʻo kiʻi kiʻi, akā ma ke ʻano he hana no ka photojournalism kiʻi ʻia, hiki ke kiʻi ma ka loa a me ka laulā o ka ʻāina.
Mahalo i ke alahao, ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻoihana kiʻi paʻi kiʻi i nā ʻano ʻāpana o ka ʻāina. ʻO lākou nā mea paʻi kiʻi ʻē ʻē, ʻo kā lākou hana ka paʻi kiʻi ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana kaʻaahi, akā ʻaʻole lākou i haʻalele i ka manawa kūpono e hoʻopaʻa i ka hiʻona a me ka nohona o kēlā me kēia lā o Mekiko i kēlā manawa.
Kūlike nā kiʻi e hōʻike i kēia ʻatikala i nā mea paʻi kiʻi ʻelua, ʻo Gove a me North. I kahi ʻano kū hoʻokahi, hāʻawi lākou iā mākou e ʻike i ka mea kūʻai aku i nā ipuhao e waiho ana ma kahi ʻāpana o ke ala kaʻaahi, a i ʻole, e hoʻomaopopo iā mākou i ka nani o nā pono kaʻaahi no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā alahaka a me nā tunnels; i kekahi kiʻi ʻē aʻe, kū nā wahi a me nā kaʻaahi i kahi lewa aloha. ʻIke pū mākou i nā huapalapala e pili ana i ke ala kaʻaahi nāna i koho i ka lola ākea o kahi kaʻa kaʻa e kau.
Ma Mekiko, ke alahao a me nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi, pili pili loa, ʻike maka i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa ma o nā kiʻi i pena ʻia e ka mālamalama, a ma ke ʻano he ala loli, ʻoki koke a haʻalele i kēia manawa e hoʻi i ka wā i hala, e eo ana i ka manawa a me ka poina.
Puna: Mexico ma Time # 26 Kepakemapa / ʻOkakopa 1998
