Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Don Ignacio Cumplido i ka makahiki 1811 ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Guadalajara, i ka wā e noho ana ke aupuni o Nueva Galicia, a ʻo Mexico ka hopena o ka wā viceregal; i hoʻokahi makahiki wale nō ma mua, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla i ka Revolution Revolution no ke Kūʻokoʻa.
KANAKA ME KONA MANAWA
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Don Ignacio Cumplido i ka makahiki 1811 ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Guadalajara, i ka wā e noho ana ke aupuni o New Galicia, a ʻo Mexico ka hopena o ka wā viceregal; i hoʻokahi makahiki wale nō ma mua, ua hoʻomaka ʻo Don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla i ka Revolution Revolution no ke Kūʻokoʻa.
Mai ka wā kamaliʻi mai, ua neʻe ʻo Ignacio Cumplido i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Mekiko kahi i makemake ai ʻo ia i ka hana kikokiko, ʻo kēia hana ka mea e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia i ke koena o kona ola.
ʻO kekahi o kāna mau hana mua i loko o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike National kahiko, alakaʻi ʻia e Don Isidro Icaza, hoʻolaʻa iā ia iho i ka mālama ʻana o ka hōʻuluʻulu o ka Mōʻaukala Kūlohelohe, i haku ʻia me nā hōʻiliʻili o nā pōhaku a me nā minelala, nā fetus a me nā holoholona i ukuhi ʻia, a pēlā aku. Akā, kanalua ʻole, ua kau ka hana a ka mea paʻi paʻi iā ia i ka hana kilokilo hiki ʻole ke poina ʻia, a no kēia kumu ua haʻalele ʻo ia i ke keʻena ʻoihana aʻo kahiko, a i ka 1829 ua lilo ʻo ia i alakaʻi hou o ka hale paʻi paʻi i paʻi ʻo El Correo de la Federación, ka mea haʻi ʻōlelo nui no hoʻokahi. o nā hui liberal o ka hana nui i kēlā manawa.
Ma hope iho, ʻo ia ke kuleana o ka paʻi ʻana o kekahi nūpepa ʻē aʻe, ʻo El Fénix de la Libertad, kahi i kākau ai nā mea kaulana loa i hoʻopuka i nā manaʻo demokalaka. a aia i loko o kēia paʻi kahi a kā mākou mīkini paʻi mai Guadalajara i hoʻokaʻawale ai iā ia iho e kāna hoʻolaʻa ʻana i ka hana, kahi ʻano e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia i kāna ʻoihana holoʻokoʻa.
Ua ʻike ʻia nā makahiki he iwakālua o Mekiko kūʻokoʻa e ka hakakā ikaika i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā Liberals a me Conservatives, nā hui politika i hānau ʻia ma lalo o ka aegis o nā keʻena Mason. Ua ʻimi nui ka mea ma mua i ka Federal Republic a me nā mea kūlike ʻole, centralism a me ka hoʻomau ʻana o nā pono o nā hui mana kahiko o ka honua kolone. ʻO ka poʻe hope loa ka hale pule Katolika, nā mea ʻona, a me nā mea nona kaʻu. I loko o kēlā ao o nā kaua fratricidal, hoʻopaʻi politika a me nā dictators kamaʻilio, kahi a Ignacio Cumplido i noho ai a hoʻomohala i kāna kiʻi paʻi kiʻi me ka mākaukau nui, a ʻoiai he kanaka ʻo ia i ka manaʻo liberal, ua lawelawe ʻo ia i kāna kumu i ka papa paʻi.
I ka 1840, ua hui ʻo Mr. Cumplido i ka hoʻokele aupuni, a ua koho ʻia i luna no nā hale paʻahao. ʻO kēia uku i kēlā manawa ua like ia me kahi paradox mai kona wā i ʻeha ai i ka hale paʻahao, kūpono ʻole, i ka hale paʻahao kaulana o Acordada mua. ʻO ke kumu o kona hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka leka a Gutiérrez Estrada i kākau ai ma ke kumuhana o ke aupuni mōʻī.
Ma 1842, ua koho ʻia ʻo Cumplido i Hope ma ka ʻAhaʻōlelo a, ma hope, ua loaʻa iā ia ke kūlana o Senatoa. Kaulana mau ʻo ia no kāna kūlana liberal a no ka mea pale i nā kumu o ka poʻe haʻahaʻa a me ka poʻe haʻahaʻa. Hoʻomaopopo kāna mau mea kākau moʻolelo a pau i kona ʻano lokomaikaʻi i ka hāʻawi ʻana i kāna haʻawina kālā ma ke ʻano he Deputy a ma ke ʻano he Senatoa no ka poʻe aloha.
Pēlā kona ʻano aloha aloha mai kāna kālā ponoʻī i hoʻokumu ai i loko o kona home ponoʻī i kahi koleke paʻi no nā keiki makua ʻole, nele i ka waiwai, a ʻōlelo ʻia, ma kēlā home ua mālama ʻo ia iā lākou me he lālā lā o kona ʻohana. Ma laila, ma lalo o kāna alakaʻi, ua aʻo lākou i ka hana noʻeau o ka paʻi a me ka typography.
ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona kaulana a Mr. Cumplido kona komo aloha ʻāina ʻana i ka pale o ko mākou kūlanakauhale i ka wā o ke kaua kaulana a ka United States i hoʻokuʻu aku ai iā Mexico ma 1847. ʻO ko mākou ʻano i manawaleʻa aku i ke poʻo o ka National Battalion, hāʻawi ʻia i ke kūlana o ke kāpena. I kēia kūlana ua hana ʻo ia me ka punctuality a me ka pono i hoʻokaʻawale iā ia i kāna mau hana āpau.
IGNACIO CUMPLIDO, Luna Hooponopono o ka Keneturi XIX
ʻO kekahi o nā nūpepa kahiko loa a Mekiko, ʻaʻohe kānalua ʻo El Siglo XIX, ʻoiai ka lōʻihi o 56 mau makahiki. Hoʻokumu ʻia e Ignacio Cumplido i ka lā 7 ʻOkakopa 1841, nā mea ʻike a me nā mea noʻonoʻo ʻoi loa o kēlā manawa i hana pū me ia. ʻo kāna mau kumuhana pū kekahi me ka politika a me ka palapala a me ka ʻepekema. Ua kākau ʻia ka mōʻaukala o kēlā wā ma kāna ʻaoʻao. ʻO ka lā hope loa o ka lā 15 ʻOkakopa 1896.
ʻO kēia nūpepa, ma ka ʻaoʻao mua wale nō kāna poʻo inoa me kahi hoʻolālā o ke kūoʻo nui, ma hope iki, ua ʻike ʻia ke akamai o Cumplido i ka paʻi ʻana, a ʻo ia ka manawa i hoʻohana ai ia i kahi kahakaha kahi e mahalo ʻia ai kā mākou lua pele, ma hope o piʻi ka lā me nā kukuna mālamalama a me kahi pāleka kahi e hiki ai iā mākou ke heluhelu i nā Fine Arts, Holomua, Union, Commerce, ʻoihana.
Ma ke kenekulia 19, ma hope aku, he mau alakaʻi kaulana e like me José Ma. Vigil, kahi mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana a me nā puke puke puke hoʻi ʻo ia ka Luna Hoʻokele o ka Waihona Puke Aupuni i kona manawa; ʻO Francisco Zarco, kahi mea kākau nui, ʻo ka hope loa ʻo Luis Pamba. Ma nā ʻaoʻao o kēia nūpepa e kū mai nei nā inoa o Luis de la Rosa, Guillermo Prieto, Manuel Payno, Ignacio Ramírez, José T. Cuéllar a me nā lālā koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe o ka Liberal Party.
IGNACIO CUMPLIDO, TYPOGRAPHIC ARTIST
Mai kāna mau hoʻokokoke mua loa i ka hana noʻeau, hoʻolauna ʻia ma Mekiko i ka manawa o kona kūʻokoʻa, ua hoihoi ko mākou ʻano e hāpai i ka maikaʻi o nā hana i puka mai nā kaomi. Pēlā kona manaʻo paʻa me nā mālama kālā i hōʻiliʻili ʻia me ka hoʻāʻo nui, ua huakaʻi ʻo ia i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa me ke kumu o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mīkini ʻoi loa. Akā ua kū ʻo Veracruz, ke awa komo wale no nā moku kalepa, i kēlā manawa i ālai ʻia e ka pūʻali koa Farani e hoʻopiʻi nei i nā ʻaiʻē lapuwale mai ko mākou ʻāina mai; No kēia kumu, ua lawe ʻia nā ukana a nā mīkini a Cumplido ma New Orleans, a ua nalowale ma laila a mau loa aku.
Ke lanakila nei i kēia a me nā mea kūpina ʻē aʻe, ʻo Ignacio Cumplido, i hōʻiliʻili hou i nā kumuwaiwai i ʻae iā ia e lawe i ka mālam, me kahi ʻano hana noʻeau kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā puke pai e like me: El Mosaico Mexicano, kahi hōʻuluʻulu i hoʻohui ʻia mai 1836 a 1842; Ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Mekiko; ʻo ka Picturesque Miscellany o ke ʻano hoihoi a me ke aʻo ʻana i paʻi ʻia mai ka 1843 a hiki i ka 1845; ʻO ka Illustration Mekiko, ka Album Mekiko, etc. ʻO El Presente Amistoso para las Señoritas Mexicoas ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia, i hoʻoponopono mua ʻia ma 1847; ua uhi kēia ʻaoʻao nani i nā ʻaoʻao a ua waiwai me nā pā ʻeono i kahakaha ʻia i ke kila me nā kiʻi wahine nani. I ka makahiki 1850 ua paʻi ʻo ia i kahi mana hou o El Presente Amistoso me nā kahakaha hou, nona nā papa kumu i lawe ʻia mai mai ʻEulopa a i ka makahiki 1851, ua hana ʻo ia i ke kolu a me ka mana hope loa o ia paʻi hoʻokahi. ʻOi aku i kēia mau hana, mahalo mākou i ke ʻano lahilahi o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā uhi uʻi, kahi o ke kala o nā kala e komo ai ke gula. Ua puka mai he mau haneli mau puke pai mai nā kaomi o Cumplido, kahi a Ramiro Villaseñor y Villaseñor i hana ai i kahi helu kikoʻī. ʻO kēia kahi e hoʻonui ai kāna hana akamai i ke kiʻi o kēia mīkini paʻi mai Guadalajara; I loko o kāna puke pai puke nui mahalo mākou i kāna hana hoʻolaha e pili ana i ka hana a ka poʻe liberal nui, ʻoiai ʻo ia ke kuleana o ka lawe ʻana i ka malamalama i nā hana nui a Carlos María de Bustamante, José Ma. Iglesias, Luis de la Rosa, a ʻo nā manaʻo, nā ʻaha a me nā palapala he nui o ke ʻano politika a me ka hoʻokele waiwai i hoʻopuka ʻia e nā mokuʻāina mokuʻāina a me nā Chambers of Deputy and Senators.
Ma kahi ʻano hoihoi a maikaʻi ʻole hoʻi, ʻo kēia kāne nui a nui loa o Mekiko o nā manaʻo a me ka puʻuwai, ka mea i make ma Mekiko City ma Nowemapa 30, 1887, ʻaʻole kūpono i ka ʻike ʻia o ka journalism, typographic a me nā mea pena kiʻi. hoʻolālā hoʻoponopono.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo maikaʻi ʻia, ʻaʻole i Mekiko a i ʻole ma Guadalajara i hoʻolaʻa ʻia kahi alanui e hoʻomanaʻo ai i ka inoa a me ka hana a kēia mea paʻi paʻi o ke kenekulia ʻumikūmāiwa haneli.
Puna: Mekiko i ka Manawa Helu 29 Malaki-ʻApelila 1999
