ʻO Grotesque i ka helehelena ma muli o kā lākou ʻano ʻē, ke kala ʻana i nā kala a me ke kino i hoʻonani ʻia e nā hoʻolōʻihi e hana i nā pepeiaohao, nā huelo a me nā mea hoʻopili ʻē aʻe, he ʻenuhe lākou, pili ʻole i kā lākou hoʻonohonoho kino akā koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻohua hānau o nā butterflies.
ʻO nā pae ʻehā e hana i ke ola o kahi butterfly he mea kupaianaha kūlohelohe: hua manu, ʻenuhe, chrysalis, a me butterfly. Mai ka pae hua manu hānau ʻia kahi ʻenuhe liʻiliʻi e ola wale ana e ulu a hānai. Ma hope, hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka larva liʻiliʻi mai kona ʻili a ʻumikūmālima mau manawa, e hana i kahi mea maʻalahi a ulu a lilo i chrysalis; i loko ona, hoʻololi ka ʻenuhe i kona ʻano a ʻaʻole ulu hou.
ʻO nā anuhe, e like me nā mea kolo āpau, he poʻo, ʻōpū a me ka thorax me nā wāwae ʻeono, e hoʻopau ana kēlā me kēia i ka ʻūpā piʻo a wīwī. Hoʻohana lākou i nā wāwae e hele wāwae a paʻa i kā lākou meaʻai; ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, ʻo kāna mau ʻāpana o "nā wāwae wahaheʻe", ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa ma mua o nā mea maoli, a me ka lei o nā crochets, pono no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā lau a me nā lālā. Ua mahele ʻia kona kino i mau apo, he ʻāpana i nā ʻāpana ʻekolu; cephalic, me ke apo hoʻokahi; ʻO ka thoracic, me nā ʻāpana ʻekolu, a me ka ʻōpū, i haku ʻia i nā ʻeiwa. ʻO nā ʻāpana mua ʻekolu he mau wāwae, i kapa ʻia ʻo "ʻoiaʻiʻo" no ka mea ʻo ia ka mea e koe i ke kanaka makua; Hoʻopili kēia mau mea hoʻopili i ka mua o ka ʻenuhe a kōkua iā ia e hoʻopaʻa i kāna meaʻai; he membrane ka poʻe ʻē aʻe a nalowale me ka metamorphosis.
ʻAneʻane ʻo lākou āpau e ʻike ʻia he ʻenuhe a maʻalahi ka nānā ʻana iā lākou i nā hua, nā mea kanu a me ka lepo. Hoʻolālā ʻia ka hapa nui me ka ʻole o ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana, ʻo kekahi e like me nā slug, nā mealybug ʻē aʻe a me nā mea hou he nui nā lauoho. Aia i loko o ka ʻōpū nā mākala, ka puʻuwai, ka wai ola a me ka ʻōpū; ʻO ia ka ʻaoʻao ākea loa o ke kino a ʻo ka mea e kōkua i ka neʻe ʻana; Hoʻohana ʻia kona ʻewalu mau ʻāpana a i ʻole nā puka o kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao no ka hanu ʻana. Pāleʻale ka ʻili i kekahi mau ʻano, he pōkole nā lauoho ʻē aʻe, a me nā lauoho lōʻihi, i kekahi manawa me nā spine ʻoi loa e hiki ke ʻūlū a paʻa i ko lākou ʻona ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻana mai ke kino. ʻAʻohe o ka maka i ka ʻenuhe, ʻoiai ʻeono ona ʻeʻe ma kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao me ka ʻokoʻa o nā kala, akā nā kinona a me nā neʻe. Ma kahi kokoke ka waha, ma kāna ʻaoʻao ma lalo o lalo, i hana ʻia e nā ā ā ʻelua kaha i hoʻopili ʻia no ka nau.
ʻO ke kino o ka ʻenuhe, i hana ʻia i nā apo he nui, e ʻae iā ia e ulu a hoʻonui i ka wā e ʻai ana i kāna meaʻai. ʻAʻole ʻeleʻele kona ʻili, ke liʻiliʻi ia e hoʻoheheʻe ʻo ia iā ia, a ʻumikūmāhiku mau manawa i kona ola holoʻokoʻa, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka laha, a i kēia manawa hoʻokahi wale nō e oki ai ka ʻai ʻana. Ke plump ka ʻenuhe, hoʻololi ia i kāna hana a holoholo mai kahi wahi a kahi ʻē aʻe, kahi manawa mamao loa mai ka hale hoʻokipa, no ka mea e ʻimi ana i kahi palekana e noho ai a hoʻololi i pupa a chrysalis paha. Aia i loko o kēia molt hope loa ke hoʻopili ʻia nā mea he nui i ka cocoon silika i ulana ʻia me kahi mea buccal a me kāna mau momi e like me ka siliki; ʻo ka cocoon e hoʻopuni ana i ka pupa e mālama i ka makū a pale iā ia mai nā mea ʻaihue. ʻO nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, mai nā ʻōpio, wahī iā lākou iho me ka siliki, e like me nā mea aloha e noho i nā pūnana e pale aku iā lākou iho mai ke kaiapuni; a ʻo kekahi poʻe e hui pū me kekahi mau ʻāpana me nā ʻāpana silika.
OLA WALE NO E AI
I ka hoʻomaka, ʻike mamao loa ka butterfly wahine a koho mau i kahi mea kanu momona e hoʻomoe i kāna mau hua, no ka mea hiki i ka hapanui o nā ʻenuhe ke ʻai i hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua mau ʻano mea kanu; no laila, he meaʻai kā ka larva i ka wā hānau a hoʻomaka e ʻai wikiwiki. ʻO ka hana mua o ka hānau hou kahi o ka ʻai ʻana i ka pūpū o ka hua manu e hoʻonui ai i ka lua a hiki ke puka i waho; Ma kēia ala e loaʻa ai ka ikaika e ʻimi i ka meaʻai, no ka mea, i loko o nā mahina a pau o kona ola ʻana, hōʻiliʻili wale ka ʻenuhe i nā mālama a ʻai i nā lau, nā ʻōpuʻu ʻōpio, nā hua, nā pua, nā lāʻau, nā ʻili, nā lole huluhulu, nā koena o kāna mau hua a me kāna mau huakaʻi. . Noho ka hapanui o nā ʻenuhe ma ka mea kanu meaʻai kūikawā no kēlā me kēia ʻano, hiki wale i kekahi ke ʻai i nā mea kanu.
ʻAʻole like me ka butterfly, he chewer mau ka ʻenuhe, lako pono ia a ʻae ʻia kona waha e ʻai iā ia i nā lau e ka lihi, me nā ʻāpana ʻāʻī a me nā ʻāʻī ikaika e kōkua ana i ka nau. Hiki i kāna voracity nui loa ke hoʻolilo iā ia i pest e hoʻopau koke i nā lau, nā mea kanu a me nā māla, ʻoiai aia kekahi mau ʻano me kēia mana luku. Ma hope o ka ʻai pinepine lākou e peʻe ma lalo o ka lau, i ka ʻili lāʻau, ma lalo o nā pōhaku, a i ʻole e pee i ka honua. ʻO ka poʻe e noho ana i nā hui e liʻiliʻi i ka nui a lilo i kūʻokoʻa ke hiki i ke kūlana makua, ʻoiai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i kā lākou ola. Ua nānā ka poʻe biologists ʻo kēia kaiaulu kūlohelohe ma muli o ka mea i ko lākou wā kamaliʻi e hōʻike ʻia i ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā manu a me nā ʻenemi ʻē aʻe; e emi ka makaʻu i ko lākou ulu ʻana, no ka mea he mea weliweli kā lākou mau pākuʻi nui aku, loaʻa ka ʻona a me ka ʻono ʻoluʻolu ʻole, a huikau paha me ko lākou kaiapuni.
Mau ka makaʻu no nā ʻenuhe plump, ʻoiai nā manu, nā moʻo, nā rana, nā nananana, nā nalo a me nā holoholona he nui loa, hiki ke lilo i mau ʻenemi make. ʻOiai ʻo nā manu ka mea i hōʻike pinepine ʻia, ʻaʻole lākou nā mea pepehi nui loa, ʻoiai nā arachnids a me nā coleopterans e hōʻino nui iā lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pepeke endoparasitic a me kekahi mau bacteria. Hoʻomoe kekahi mau pepelu i kā lākou mau hua i loko o ka ʻenuhe a waiho i ka nāhelehele, a palu kekahi i laila a lawe aku i ko lākou wahi hūnā e mālama i ko lākou kino i meaʻai no kā lākou larva, a he nui nā ʻenuhe i loaʻa i nā fungi epidermal.
NĀ PALAPALA PALAPALA HUA
Lilo ka ʻenuhe i nā ʻohana anu makemake ʻole e ʻai ʻia, a no kēia mea hoʻohana lākou i nā hoʻolālā like ʻole. Ke hatch, pono lākou e pale iā lākou iho: hānai kekahi i ka malu o ka pō a hūnā i ke ao, a ʻo kekahi e leʻaleʻa i nā maka wahaheʻe nui i ka ʻaoʻao luna o ke kino e hana i kahi hiʻohiʻona weliweli a hoʻoweliweli i nā mea hiki ʻole ke hele mai. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke holo e pakele mai ko lākou poʻe ʻenemi, ua lawe lākou i nā ʻano pale like ʻole: hoʻopuka lākou i nā pilau reprot, hoʻokuʻu lākou i ka waikawa formic acid a i ʻole hāʻawi lākou i nā pepeiaohao i uhi ʻia me nā mea pilau. ʻO ka ʻenuhe i uhi ʻia me nā lauoho ʻōniʻoniʻo ka maʻa mau, e like me ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "scourgers" o ke kikowaena o Mexico.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa lākou i nā ʻenehana āpau o nā camouflage: nā ʻano i noho i nā lau i nā leo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻo nā lālā pinepine a i ʻole nā kumu he ʻeleʻele; hānau ʻia nā poʻe ʻē aʻe me ke kala a hoʻololi i ko lākou ulu ʻana.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kā lākou hoʻololi nui ʻana e hōʻalo i ka ʻike ʻia ʻana e akahele loa a noho neʻe ʻole e ʻike ʻole ʻia. Hilinaʻi lākou i ka mimicry e ola ai, hoʻopunipuni lākou i ko lākou poʻe ʻenemi me nā kāhiko i ʻano like ʻole ke nānā aku, ua like lākou me nā lau, nā ʻanoʻano, nā kumu, nā kākalaioa a me nā lepo manu hoʻi, e like me nā ʻenuhe o nā pepelu Papilio nui. ʻAʻole hūnā ʻia kēlā mau mea i pale ʻia e nā huapalapala mimetic, a i ʻole hana lākou i kekahi hapa: he kaha kiʻi kekahi e "haki" i ka laina o ke kino e hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi iā lākou iho, a aia kekahi e hoʻowalewale iā lākou iho e like me ka lāʻau lāʻau, ʻōpala a me nā lālā paha. makemake ʻia e like me ka meaʻai.
Ma waho aʻe o nā kumuwaiwai mimetic, loaʻa i nā ʻenuhe nā mea pale pale ʻē aʻe, e like me nā mea ʻala a me nā pale kūwaho e hoʻoweliweli aku i ka ʻenemi, e like me nā ʻenuhe moth, i hoʻolako ʻia me nā pākuʻi hulu lōʻihi a i ʻole nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao, a i kekahi manawa he nui a nui loa a hoʻolilo lākou iā lākou i mau moʻo maoli. ʻO kekahi, e like me ka mōʻī, hānai i nā mea kanu me nā mea ʻawahia i hanaʻino ʻole iā lākou, akā hoʻowalewale iā lākou; no laila, ʻeha nā manu e ʻai iā lākou i ka ʻeha huhū a aʻo koke e mahalo iā lākou. Nui nā ʻenuhe hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻole inconspicuous a hōʻike i nā hue wiwo ʻole, i kapa ʻia he "waihoʻoluʻu aʻoaʻo", e pale aku ai ka ʻenemi; he ala e hōʻike ai i ko lākou ʻono a i ʻole ʻona lākou. ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe, i ke alo o ka makaʻu, hoʻokuʻu lākou iā lākou iho, e waiho ana ma kahi pae, e piʻi hou i ko lākou puʻuhonua.
Noho ka ʻenuhe i kahi makaʻu mau: he meaʻai lākou no nā holoholona he nui a no laila pono lākou e ʻike i ka lawa o ka meaʻai e hōʻiliʻili ai i ka ikehu, mālama i nā mea hōʻaiʻe a ola i ka wāʻinoʻino; Eia nō naʻe, i loko o nā makahiki i hala iho nei, i kā lākou pae a pau ua luku ʻia lākou i nā mea ʻawahia ʻokoʻa, i hoʻopilikia loa ʻia i ko lākou lehulehu.
I nā hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi, nā hua, nā ʻenuhe, nā pupa a me nā butterflies e hōʻike i kahi kumu o nā meaʻai no nā holoholona laka. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻokō pū lākou i ka hana kaiaola o ke kaulike ʻana i ko lākou ʻano kūlohelohe, no ka mea, ʻai lākou i nā ʻenuhe ʻē aʻe, aphids, aphids, crickets, ants a me nā mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, i lilo i mea ʻino a lilo i poʻe meaʻino.
KA HOʻOLOLI WONDERFUL
Noho ke ʻenuhe no kekahi mau mahina, me nā hoʻokoe i ʻoi aku ai kona lōʻihi i hoʻokahi makahiki; No kēia, pono e hoʻokahe i kona ʻili i nā manawa he nui e like me ka hoʻonui o ka meaʻai, a no ka nui o ka meaʻai, hiki ke lilo i chrysalis wikiwiki. ʻO nā hōʻailona mua o kēia hoʻololi koke e hoʻokēʻai loa, e ʻae ai iā ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kou ʻōpū; i ka manawa like, me ka hoʻomaha nui e ʻauana ai ʻo ia mai kahi wahi a kahi ʻē aʻe, a hiki i kona ʻike ʻana i kahi kūpono e pili a hoʻokō i ka loli. A laila, i loko o ka cocoon, hoʻomau ka hoʻololi pilikino. I hoʻokahi lā, i ka hopena, ua peeks a puka i waho, ua lilo i butterfly nani: kahi insect nui i ka lole o ke ola ma mua o 50 miliona mau makahiki.
I loko nō o nā mea āpau, i kēia lā aia i loko o kahi pōpilikia a ʻike mākou i ka wā e pau ai kahi holoholona a mea kanu paha a mau loa ia. Hoʻopilikia ʻia ka nohona e nā mea haumia, nā ahi, nā mea ulu, nā mea ʻino, nā hale, a me nā heluna kanaka. Pono mākou e pale aku i nā nalo o nā ʻenuhe a me nā butterflies mai ka nalo ʻana, mai ka wā o ka hoʻomaka o ka manawa mahalo ʻia lākou no ka lele palupalu a me ka nani, a he ʻāpana lākou o ka moʻomeheu, nā hana noʻeau a me nā ʻepekema o nā lāhui he lehulehu, nāna lākou i kālai. pena ʻia a hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā moʻolelo, nā mele a me nā hulahula. He mea kupaianaha ka butterfly i hoʻohui i ka nani a me nā mea pohihihi i ko mākou honua, a ʻo kona metamorphosis he hōʻailona hoʻololi i ke ola o ka mōʻaukala kanaka.
Puna: Un Mexico Mexico No. 276 / Pepeluali 2000
