ʻO nā luakini a me nā hale hālāwai o Querétaro, i hoʻokumu ʻia i mea e hoʻoikaika ai i ka ʻuhane o ka poʻe i mua o ka hana euanelio ma ia wahi, e hōʻike i ka nani o ka wā i hala. E ʻike iā lākou!
ʻO ka hele wāwae ʻole ʻana ma nā alaloa o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Querétaro ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻokokoke aku ai i ka ʻuhane o kēia kūlanakauhale kolone. Ma waena o nā pā a me nā māla e kūkulu ai i nā hale hanohano i hoʻoilina ʻia mai ka viceroyalty, alakaʻi ke ala iā mākou ma nā kihi inoa ʻole a me nā patio huna, e hōʻike iā mākou i ka Querétaro maoli.
I loko o nā makahiki he 10 o ke au i noho kolone ai, ʻo Querétaro kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale nui a koʻikoʻi hoʻi ma Nu Sepania, ʻoiai ua hōʻailona ia i ka palena o ka mea a lākou i kapa ai ka honua civili: no ka poʻe kolone, aia ma ka ʻākau he barbarism wale nō, a no Ua manaʻo lākou he pono i ka wahi e loaʻa nā luakini a me nā ʻaha kūkā kahi e hoʻoikaika ai ka ʻuhane o ka poʻe haipule a me ka haipule. ʻAʻole kali ʻo Franciscans, Discalced Carmelites, Jesuits a me Dominicans a hōʻea i Querétaro e hoʻomaka i ka naʻau ʻuhane o ka ʻāina, i ʻike ʻia e ka inoa o Inside Earth. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā luakini he nui a me nā ʻaha i noho i ke kūlanakauhale mai kēlā manawa a hiki i kēia lā e haʻi mai iā mākou e pili ana i ka nani o kona wā i hala.
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Querétaro he wahi hoʻolālā ma muli o ka mamao e hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai Mexico City. I loko o nā kaua o ka hoʻoponopono a me ka hana Farani, ʻo ia ke kahua o nā kaua mau ma waena o nā liberal a me nā conservatives, e ʻeha ana i nā hopena weliweli. I kēlā manawa nalowale nā kia hoʻomanaʻo nui, a me nā mea waiwai noʻeau waiwai; nui nā heiau i wāwahi ʻia a wāwahi ʻia ko lākou kumu, ʻoiai kāna mau kuahu baroque o nā lāʻau gilded i kiola ʻia i ke ahi. I ke au o Porfirian, hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka hapa nui o nā heiau, e hoʻāʻo nei e mahalo i ke kaila kūloko o ke au hou; Pēlā nō, kūkulu ʻia nā pāka, nā māla, nā mākeke a me nā hale hou e kū ma kahi o nā luakini i hōʻino ʻia a me nā ʻaha kūkā.
ʻOiai ʻo ka mokuʻāina ke ʻano o nā kaua nui i ka wā o ka Revolution, ʻaʻole i ʻeha ka nui o nā hale a me nā monuments e like me ke kenekulia i hala, mahalo i kēia lā, hiki iā mākou ke ʻoluʻolu i ko lākou nani.
No ka mahalo iā Querétaro pono ʻoe e ʻike ia mea, a no ka mea ʻo ka mea ʻoi loa ka hoʻomaka ʻana ma ke Plaza de Armas, kahi e hoʻomaka ai a me kahi e hui ai o nā ala hele wāwae. ʻO kēia mau ala cobbled, hiki wale i nā poʻe hele wāwae, nā ʻaoʻao kahiko loa o ke kaona a hāʻawi i ke kikowaena i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa a ʻokoʻa hoʻi. ʻO nā alaloa a me nā kihi e mālama mau nei i ka mōʻaukala o ke kūlanakauhale a loaʻa nā inoa evocative e like me "Calle de Bimbo" ma muli o nā forks he nui i loaʻa iā ia, a i ʻole "El Callejón del Ciego", ua hoʻihoʻi ʻia a lilo i mau wahi i piha i ka mālamalama a kala
Ke haʻalele nei i ke ala hele wāwae 5 de Mayo hiki mākou i Māla Zenea, kahi leʻaleʻa a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he kumu no ka luakini a me ka hale ʻaha ʻo San Francisco. Ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o kēia paʻakikī kamahaʻo ma kahi o 1548, ʻoiai ʻo ka hale mua, me ke ʻano mālie a me ka maʻalahi, ua wāwahi ʻia i ka waena o ke kenekulia 17. ʻO ka hale kuhi o kēia manawa ka hana a ka mea kālai ʻo Sebastián Bajas Delgado a kūkulu ʻia ma waena o 1660 a me 1698. Ua pau ka luakini i ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia 18. ʻO ka helehelena o ka luakini e pāpale ʻia e ka uaki, ma lalo e ʻike ʻia ai kahi kōkua quarry ʻāpala o ka lunaʻōlelo Santiago, kahi kiʻi e pili ana i ka helehelena o ka ʻānela a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale. ʻO ka luakini, i uhi ʻia e ka hale kiaʻi quarry pākolu a me kahi dome i uhi ʻia me nā tile ʻo Talavera, i hale pule nui no nā kenekulia ʻelua, a ia manawa i hana ʻia ai nā kuahu neoclassical, i hoʻohālikelike nui ʻia me ka baroque overflow o nā hale pule ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ke keʻena hanohano i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka luakini a me ka hale kūpuna e ka luakini a me ka hale konikona ʻaʻole i ola i ka Reformation intact, ʻoiai i nā manawa o ke kiaʻāina liberal Benito Zenea ua nalowale kāna atrium a me kāna mau hale pule, a ua hoʻololi ʻia i Plaza de la Constitución a me ka māla o kēia manawa Zenea. ʻO kēia hale kime nui loa i kēia lā ke keʻena nui o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Regional o Querétaro, nona kekahi o nā hale kiʻi kiʻi viceregal kaulana loa o ka ʻāina, a me nā lumi hōʻikeʻike like ʻole i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no ka moʻolelo o Mekiko.
Ma ke alo o ka luakini ʻo Kapalakiko, hānau ʻia kekahi o nā aʻa nui o ke kūlanakauhale, ke Alanui Madero, kahi o kekahi o nā hale pule a me nā hale nui kaulana o Querétaro. Ma ke kihi me ke Alanui Guerrero, ka luakini a me ka ʻaha mua o Santa Clara. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Royal Convent o Santa Clara de Jesús ma kahi o 1606, i ka manawa i ʻae ʻia ai e ka luna aupuni don Juan de Mendoza e ʻae iā Don Diego de Tapia e kūkulu i kahi kahu o nā hoʻomana Franciscan, i mea e kūkulu ai kāna kaikamahine i kahi nun. Ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana ma hope koke iho a ua pau i ka makahiki 1633. I ka wā o ke kolone ʻo ia kahi o nā hale nui nui a nui loa ma Nū Paniolo, akā i kēia lā wale nō ka hale pule a me kahi hoʻohui hoʻohui liʻiliʻi i koe, ʻoiai ka nui o ia mea i luku ʻia. i ke kaua Reform. I ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ke Kaua o ke Kūʻokoʻa, ua hana ʻo Doña Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez i hale paʻahao. Ma loko o ka luakini hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kāna mau kiʻi kuahu nani i kālai ʻia, ka hui hīmeni, mai kahi a nā nuna i hele ai i nā lawelawe, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ke koena o ka hui e kahi pā, a me nā puka hao i hana ʻia me ka papa kiʻekiʻe a me ka hale.
Ma ke kihi o Melchor Ocampo a me Madero ka luakini a me ka hale noho mua o San Felipe Neri. Ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o ka haʻiʻōlelo a San Felipe i ka makahiki 1786 a ua paʻa i ka makahiki 1805. I kēlā makahiki nō i loaʻa ai ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia o Don Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, ka mea nāna i mālama ka ʻaha mua. I 1921 ua hoʻolaha ʻia he hale pule nui e Pope Benedict XV. Kūkulu ʻia ka luakini me ka pōhaku tezontle a hana ʻia kāna ʻāpana kuahu e ka quarry. He laʻana maikaʻi ka pāheona o ka hoʻololi ma waena o Baroque a me Neoclassical. Manaʻo ʻia kona pāheona kekahi o nā hana baroque hope loa o ke kūlanakauhale a i loko o laila hiki iā ʻoe ke mahalo i nā mea hoʻonaninani like ʻole, e like me nā poʻo o nā kolamu a me nā medallion. No kāna ʻāpana, kūleʻa a austere hoʻi ka piko o ka luakini, ʻo ia hoʻi, neoclassical loa. ʻO ka hale ʻekahi ma mua i kēia manawa ka hale o ka Ministry of Urban Development and Public Works, i ʻike ʻia e ka inoa ʻo "Palacio de Conín", i mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai i ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu ke kūlanakauhale.
ʻElua mau palaka mai ka hale pule nui, ma ke kihi o Ezequiel Montes a me General Arteaga, aia ka luakini a ʻo ia ka hale konikona o Santa Rosa de Viterbo. Hōʻike ka luakini i ka nani kiʻekiʻe i hōʻea ʻia e ka Baroque ma Querétaro, i hōʻike ʻia ma waho a me loko. Ma ka ʻāpana hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā puka māhoe o ke ʻano o nā nunneries, a me nā pāpale lele me nā ʻōwili, kahi wale nō kahi hana hoʻonaninani. Ma loko, ua komo ka pīpī me ka niho ʻelepani, ka momi makamae, ka honu a me ke kālā, ke kolo a me ka nave i kālai nani ʻia i ka wahie. I loko o ka sacristy aia kekahi o nā kiʻi kaulana loa ma ka pena ʻana ʻo New Spain, ʻo ia ʻo Sister Ana María de San Francisco y Neve, i hāʻawi ʻia na ka haku ʻo José Páez.
Ua hoʻomaka ka Convent ma 1670, i ka wā i kūkulu ai kahi kāne Katolika i kekahi mau keena haʻahaʻa i loko o kā lākou māla i hiki i kā lāua mau kaikamahine ʻekolu a hoʻomaka a hoʻokō i ko lākou ola ʻuhane. Ma hope mai, ua kauoha ʻo Don Juan Caballero y Ocio i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā keena hou a me kahi hale pule. Ua hoʻolaʻa nā nune i ko lākou ola i ke aʻo ʻana a ma 1727 ua hāʻawi ʻia ka inoa ʻo Real Colegio de Santa Rosa de Viterbo. I ka makahiki 1867, ua pani ʻia ka hale ʻahamele a ua hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he haukapila a hiki i ka makahiki 1963. I kēia lā, ua hoʻi mai ia i ke kikowaena kula a noho hou nā keikikāne i nā alaloa a me nā lumi papa.
Ma ke kihi o Allende lāua ʻo Pino Suárez ka luakini a me ka ʻaoʻao mua o San Agustín. Pili ʻia ke kūkulu ʻana o ka luakini iā Don Ignacio Mariano de las Casas a hoʻomaka ʻia i ka makahiki 1731. Ma ka fazade quarry sober, ua hoʻopuni ʻia ke kiʻi o kahi Karisto i kau ʻia ma ke kea i hoʻopuni ʻia e nā kumu waina a kū pono nā niches ma ka ʻaoʻao, nā hale o Saint Joseph, ʻO Virgen de los Dolores, Santa Mónica, Santa Rita, Kapalakiko a me San Agustín. ʻO kāna dome kekahi o nā mea nani loa o ka Baroque Mekiko, a ma loko e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke mahalo i nā ʻānela o ke ola; ʻaʻole i pau ka hale kiaʻi o ka luakini.
Ua noho ʻia ka ʻaoʻao Convent e ka poʻe pule pule mai 1743, ʻoiai ke hoʻomau ʻia nei ka hana a puni ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia 18. ʻO ka cloister o ka hale konikona kekahi o nā mea hanohano o ke kaʻina Augustinian ma ʻAmelika a ʻo kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona nui loa o Baroque ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. ʻO kona kaulana ma muli o ke kāhiko ʻana o nā kia a me nā kolamu e nānā pono ʻole i ka pā o loko. Puka mai nā kiʻi pohaku ʻano ʻē mai nā kolamu, e nānā nei i ka poʻe kipa. ʻO nā kiʻi ma ka papahele e hōʻike nei i nā helehelena huhū, ʻoiai nā mea āpau, mālama i ka mea hoihoi a hoihoi iā mākou, ʻoiai ʻo nā effigies o ka pae kiʻekiʻe ka mea like a ʻano mālie kā lākou hana. Aia ma luna o nā pio kahi pūʻulu o nā mea interlocking e hana i kahi kaulahao e paʻa ai kēia mau mea pio.
Ua hoʻokipa ka ʻohana kahiko o San Agustín i ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Art of Querétaro mai ka makahiki 1988. Loaʻa iā ia kahi hōʻuluʻulu paʻa e pili pū me nā hana ʻEulopa a me Mekiko mai ka makahiki ʻumikūmāhā, a me kahi hōʻuluʻulu ʻokoʻa o ka pena Spanish New, haipule nui.
Ma kahi mamao aku mai ke kūlanakauhale nui ke kū nei ka hale konohiki mua i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Querétaro, ka luakini a me ka hale konikona o Santa Cruz de los Milagros. E kamaʻilio e pili ana i kēia pūʻulu pono ʻoe e bapetizo iā ʻoe iho i ka moʻolelo o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o Querétaro. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Legend ma 1531, ʻo Fernando de Tapia, nona ka inoa ʻo Otomí ʻo Conín, i alakaʻi i kona pūʻali koa kūʻē i ka pūʻali Chichimeca ma ka puʻu ʻo Sangremal. I waenakonu o ke kaua huhū, ua nānā kekahi a me kekahi i kekahi mālamana mālamalama i hāpai i ko lākou nānā: i waenakonu o ia mea a kau ʻia i ka lewa kahi keʻa keʻokeʻo a ʻulaʻula i ʻike ʻia, a ma kahi e holo ai ka lunaʻōlelo ʻo Santiago i ka lio keʻokeʻo. . Me kēia hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha i hoʻopau ai ke kaua a ua lilo ka ʻāina ʻo Fernando de Tapia. Ua waiho aku ʻo Chichimecas a noi aku e kau ʻia i ke keʻa ma ka puʻu ʻo Sangremal ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ka hana mana i hana ʻia ma laila. I kēlā makahiki nō i kūkulu ʻia ai kahi hale pule liʻiliʻi i ke Keʻa Hemolele a kūkulu ʻia i ka waena o ke kenekulia 17 a ua kūkulu ʻia ka hale pule a me ka hale ʻaha.
Ua hoʻihoʻi piha ʻia ka luakini a noho ʻia kāna mea hoihoi nui i loko, kahi e waiho ai kahi kope pōhaku kālai ʻia o ke Keʻa Hemolele i kū mai i ka lewa i ka lā 25 o Iulai 1531. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike pū i nā kuahu kuʻi wili nani Aia lākou mai ka Baroque a i ke kaila Neoclassical.
ʻO ka hale convent ʻo Santa Cruz kekahi o nā hale Queretaro i ʻike i ka nui o ka mōʻaukala e hele ma waena o nā alaloa. Mai ka makahiki 1683 ke keʻena nui ia o ke Kulanui o nā Misionari o Propaganda Fide, kekahi o nā koleke nui no ka poʻe euanelio ma ʻAmelika. ʻO Fray Junípero Serra kekahi o nā haumāna puka kula o kēia koleke, ʻo ia ka pelekikena o nā mikionali, e hoʻolaʻa iā ia iho i ke aʻo ʻana i nā kūlana nohona o nā pēpē e hōʻemi ai i ka luʻuluʻu a me ka haʻalele ʻana a lākou i noho ai.
I ka manawa i hoʻomaka ai ka neʻe ʻana o ke Kūʻokoʻa, ʻo ka hale paʻahao ka hale paʻahao o ka meia o Querétaro, ʻo Don Miguel Domínguez, a i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope ua lawe ʻia e Iturbide e hiki ai ke hoʻomalu iā Querétaro mai ka puʻu. Ua hala ka manawa a hiki mai ka Palani.
Ua hoʻohana ʻo Maximilian o Habsburg i ka hale konikona ma ke ʻano he keʻena nui a ma hope ʻo ia kona hale paʻahao mua.
I kēia lā hiki iā ʻoe ke kipa aku i kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka hale konikona: ka lumi kuke kahiko a me kāna ʻōnaehana hoʻoluʻu kūlohelohe, ka lumi ʻaina - i kapa ʻia ma mua he refectory–, a me ke keʻena a Maximiliano e noho ai; Mālama pū ʻia kekahi mau kiʻi paʻi mai nā kenekulia ʻumikūmāhiku a me ʻumikūmāwalu, a me ka māla waena, kahi e ulu ai kahi lāʻau kaulana nona nā kākalaioa e like me ke keʻa latina.
ʻO Querétaro, i ka pōkole, kahi kūlanakauhale kupaianaha kahi e hui ai nā mea, nā moʻolelo a me nā kuʻuna i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻO kāna mau luakini a hoʻākoakoa i ka manawa waiwai a mālama ma hope o kā lākou puka i nā mea huna a nā poʻe kaulana nāna i hoʻopuka i ka mōʻaukala o Mekiko.
