ʻOiai hihiu a mana hoʻi e like me ia i nā lā o Kāpena Juan de Grijalva, ʻo ka muliwai kahi ikaika i hoʻopā ʻole ʻia e piʻi i nā kuahiwi kiʻekiʻe o Guatemala.
ʻOiai hihiu a mana hoʻi e like me ia i nā lā o Kāpena Juan de Grijalva, ʻo ka muliwai kahi mana i hoʻopili ʻole ʻia e piʻi i nā kuahiwi kiʻekiʻe o Guatemala a i ka wā e hōʻiliʻili ai i ka wai o Lacantún, komo ka Usumacinta i ka panalāʻau ʻo Mexico me kāna au a pau. wikiwiki a hohonu a hiki i kou wā e hoʻokomo ai i kāu komo lanakila i loko o ka lua nani ʻo Boca del Cerro.
Ke hoʻomau nei ia i kāna papa ma ke komohana hema-komohana akau a hele i waena o nā meanders nunui ma waena o nā awāwa a me nā pae mauna e ʻoki ana i nā pōhaku limestone, nā shale a me nā pōhaku one o ka Cretaceous, e waiho ana ma kahi papa hohonu i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā Jurassic.
I ka manawa e hōʻiliʻili ai ia i ka wai o Lacantún, komo ka Usumacinta i ka panalāʻau ʻo Mexico, kahi e wehewehe ʻia ai e kāna kahe hohonu a wikiwiki hoʻi; Ma hope koke iho, pili ia i ke kūlanakauhale nui ʻo Maya ma Yaxchilán, a laila ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia kona wai, piʻi ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kapa a kū nā pae wai mua i ka muliwai i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ʻo Anaité, a ukali ʻia e El Cayo, Piedras Negras a ma hope loa ʻo San José, ma mai ia mea e holo ai i waena o nā kahawai i wehe ʻia e ka ikaika o nā millennia e ka wai kahe.
MAHOPE I KA MAKAHI MAKAHI O 200 KM
ʻO ka mea hope loa, hana ka muliwai kapu o nā mōneka i kona komo lanakila i loko o ke kahawai ʻo Boca del Cerro hanohano, kahi hana nui o ke kūlohelohe ʻia e nā pali monumental 200 m kiʻekiʻe, kahi i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke kala ʻalani alani o ke alahaka hao e hele i loko o ka ʻAoʻao ʻĀkau. Ma muli o ka nani o ka nani a me ka nohona like ʻole, ʻo kēia awai kekahi o nā mea hoihoi loa o ke kaona ʻo Tenosique, ma Tabasco, kahi e pili ana i nā moʻolelo e pili ana i nā ana nui a hiki i nā wahi o Palenque a me nā tunnel i ʻeli ʻia i ka wā kahiko.
E wehe i kēia mau mea pohihihi, e like me ka manawa mau e hele pū wau me Pedro García Conde, Amaury Soler, Ricardo Araiza, Paco Hernández a me Ramiro Porter; Hoʻomaka kā mākou huakaʻi ma ka pier o San Carlos, mai kahi a mākou e haʻalele ai i ke kakahiaka.
MA KE KAUOHA
Me ka laulā ākea o 150 m a me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo emerald, hiki ke kahe o ka Usumacinta no mau mile he nui, e ʻae ai iā ʻoe e mahalo i nā paia kiʻekiʻe e piʻi aʻe mai kēlā ʻaoʻao a i kēia ʻaoʻao o ke kahawai a me nā festoon o ka nahele. uhi lākou i ko lākou mau piko kiʻekiʻe. Nīnau aku mākou i ka mea holo waʻa o mākou, ʻo Apolinar López Martínez, e lawe iā mākou i nā kahawai ʻo San José, mai laila mai e hoʻomaka ai i ka ʻimi kai i lalo.
I ka wā o ka hoʻokele ʻaʻole mākou e nalo i ke kikoʻī o nā lau nahelehele nani e uhi ana i nā pali a me nā panakō. ʻO ka mōʻī o kēia mau wahi ka mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), i piʻi aʻe i 50 a 60 m paha, e hoʻolaha ana i ka nui o kāna mea kanu i ka ulu lāʻau Maya. I kēia lā aia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona i nā wahi mamao loa o Lacandonia, akā ua noho ʻia ko lākou wahi e kekahi mau ʻano kiʻekiʻe e like me El Ramón, Canshán, Pukté, Mocayo a me Bellota gris. Nā ʻīlio Howler, nā jaguars, nā ocelots, nā tapir, nā dia keokeo, nā opeapea, a me nā helu manu ʻole a me nā mea kolo e noho ana ma laila.
Ke kokoke loa mākou i kahakai, halulu ka leo o ka moto i kahi hui o nā ʻīlio hoʻomoe (Allouatta palliata) e hoʻomaha ana i kahi kumulāʻau; Me ka huhū, hoʻolaʻa nā Saraguatos iā mākou i kahi ʻahamele o nā walaʻau nui e lohe ʻia ma loko o ke kahawai. ʻAʻohe zoo i ka honua, no ka pehea o kēia au a me ka hana, hiki ke hāʻawi i kēia kiʻi pena maikaʻi a mākou e hauʻoli nui ai. Eia hou aku, ma kahi pali kūmū a camouflaged e nā mea kanu, ʻike mākou i dia dia keʻokeʻo.
HE KUMU MONUMENTAL LANDSCAPE
Ma waena o nā awāwa o San José a me San Joseíto mākou e ʻimi ai i kahi ana, ʻaʻole hohonu loa, akā he mea kupaianaha ka ʻāina a puni, i hana ʻia e nā pōhaku nui o nā pōhaku haki kahi e hoʻonui ai nā hale noho pōhaku, nā aʻa kūlohelohe a me nā kahawai kūpono no ka piʻi.
Hoʻi i ka muliwai holo mākou i ke kahua kahi i waiho ai nā tunnels; Ke nīnau ʻia inā ʻike ʻo ia i kekahi mea e pili ana iā lākou, pane ʻo Don Apolinar aia he 12 o lākou a ua ʻeli ʻia lākou e ke Federal Electric Commission ma waena o 1966 a me 1972 e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka palapala honua o ka ʻāina. Aia ke kahawai ʻo Usumacinta ma aneʻi mai 150 a 250 m ākea, a ʻoiai ma ka ʻaoʻao he mālie a mālie, ma lalo e neʻe me ka ikaika makaʻu a me ka wikiwiki, hiki ke huki i ka mea ʻauʻau akamai loa i lalo. No kēia kumu paha he pilikia loa nā moku e kū i luna o kona wai, e hiki ai ke hoʻololi i ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki.
I kekahi mau minuke aia mākou i mua o kahi tunnel hāmama i ka paia komohana o ke kahawai, ma ke kiʻekiʻe he ʻewalu m ma luna o ka pae o ka muliwai; he huinahā ke ana, me ke keʻena loihi 60 m a ʻelua mau ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao pōkole. Aia ka lua o ke ana ma ka paia ʻē aʻe. ʻAneʻane ia he kope o ka mea a mākou i ʻimi wale ai, akā ʻoi aku ka nui a ākea, me kahi gallery 73.75 m ka lōʻihi a me kahi ʻaoʻao ma ka ʻaoʻao hema e ana ana i 36 mau mika.
ʻO nā moʻo, nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa, nā spider, a me nā mea kolo kolo nā mea hoʻolimalima o kēia mau ʻaha hana me ka ʻole o nā mea pūʻiwa, nona ka loko o nā iwi holoholona, nā kū, ke kaula uila no nā mea pahū –permacord– a me nā huahana concretions momona o ka liʻiliʻi o ka wai piha i ka kalapona kalapona.
NA DOMAIN O PAKAL
Ma aneʻi ʻelua mau ana, ʻo ka mua ma kapa o ka muliwai. ʻOiai ʻo ia ka moʻolelo i hiki i nā aupuni o ka Mōʻī Pakal ponoʻī, ʻo 106 m wale nō ka lōʻihi; uku ka lua i kā mākou hoʻāʻo; He lua fossil ia, me nā hale hōʻikeʻike a me nā lumi nui ma nā pae ʻelua, kahi e hoʻonani ai nā setal stalactites i nā waihona i 20 m kiʻekiʻe. ʻOiai ua wehewehe ʻo Don Apolinar ua ʻike ʻia ke ana e nā kuahiwi i nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ʻo nā ʻāpana ceramic ma ka puka e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻohana maʻamau i hāʻawi ʻia iā ia i ka wā ma mua o ka Hispanic.
Hoʻomaopopo mai kēia mau vestiges iā mākou i ka hoʻohui o kona nui kūlohelohe, he nui ka waiwai o ka Usumacinta, ʻoiai i ka wā kahiko ʻo ia ke koʻi o ka launa ʻana o ka lāhui Maya o ka wā kahiko, a me nā mea kōkua. Ua manaʻo ʻia i nā manawa o ka nani loa o ka moʻomeheu Maya, i ka makahiki 700 o ko mākou au, aia ma kahi o ʻelima miliona mau kānaka i noho ma ia wahi. Hōʻike nā kūlanakauhale o Yaxchilán, Palenque, Bonampak a me Pomoná i ke koʻikoʻi archaeological o ka Usumacinta, e like me nā kaukani o nā pūnaewele liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe.
Ke noʻonoʻo nei i nā mea i luna a me ka hoʻāʻo e mālama iā ia no nā hanauna e hiki mai ana, ke hana nei ke aupuni o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Tabasco i ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia wahi nani i loko o ka Pūnaehana o nā Wahi Kūlohelohe Protected, kahi e hāʻawi ai ia i kahi ʻāpana o 25 tausani ha me ka inoa o ka Usumacinta River Canyon State Park.
