E kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka Sierra Gorda e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā mikionali, ka mōʻaukala, ka nani a me nā lua nui, e like me ka Sótano del Barro a me ka Sotanito de Ahuacatlán, kaulana i ke kahua speleological honua no ka mea ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka ʻāina.
Ke kamaʻilio nei e pili ana i ka Sierra Gorda e kamaʻilio nei e pili ana i nā mikionali, ka mōʻaukala, ka nani a me nā lua nui, i waena o lākou ʻo Sótano del Barro a me Sotanito de Ahuacatlán, kaulana i ke kahua speleological honua no ka mea ʻo ia ka mea nui o ka ʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, i kēia mokuʻāina aia kekahi lalo o ka nui a me ka nani i haʻi ʻole ʻia. ʻO wau ʻo El Socavón. 1
Makemake wau i kekahi lā ʻaʻole mamao loa ma Mekiko e pau ana ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kahi huakaʻi aloha o kekahi mau mea e hana i ke ala no ka ʻepekema, ke hōʻike nei wau i kēia ʻike hou, manaʻo wau, e ala aʻe ka hoihoi i ka ʻike a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ke ola e kahe ana nā ana o ko mākou ʻāina.
ʻO ka Sierra Gorda kahi ʻāpana o kahi kaulahao mauna nui na ka Sierra Madre Oriental. He laina ia o nā mauna calcareous nona ka ʻaoʻao nui ma ka ʻākau hikina hema. ʻO 100 km kona lōʻihi a ʻo kona laulā ʻoi loa he 70 km; ʻO ka politika ka hapa nui o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Querétaro, me kekahi mau ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ma Guanajuato a me San Luis Potosí, a aia ma kahi o 6,000 km2. ʻO ke ala nui helu 120 i kēia manawa ke komo nui i kēia wahi a me kahi ʻāpana o ka lehulehu o San Juan del Río, Querétaro.
Ua haʻalele mākou iā Mexico City a hele i ke kaona ʻo Xilitla, ma ka puʻuwai o ka Huasteca Potosina, a hōʻea mākou i ka hora 6 o ke kakahiaka. Ma hope o ka hemo ʻana i nā pono mai ke kaʻa ʻōhua, kau mākou i kahi kalaka me ka haʻalele ʻana o ka papa kuhikuhi no ke kauhale o Jalpan. Hele wāwae paha ma kahi o ka hola a aia mākou ma La Vuelta, kahi mai, ma ka ʻākau, kahi ala lepo e hiki aku ai i San Antonio Tancoyol; Ma mua o ka hōʻea ʻana i kēia kaona hope loa, e ʻike ʻoe iā Zoyapilca, kahi āu e huli ai ma ke ala e hiki aku ai i La Parada, kahi i noho hope loa ʻia, aia i loko o ke awāwa nui o nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka mamao kokoke mai La Vuelta a hiki i kēia kiko he 48 mau mile.
KA HUAKAI
E like me ka maʻa mau, ʻo ka pilikia nui ma nā wahi mamao a paʻakikī e hiki ke komo ka kaʻa, a ma kēia hihia ʻaʻohe mea ʻē aʻe ia, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe o mākou kaʻa ponoʻī, pono mākou e kali no kahi van e piʻi i La Parada. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻaʻole i haʻalele ka laki iā mākou a loaʻa koke mākou i kahi halihali, no ka mea ʻo ka Lāpule ka lā mākeke ma La Parada a mai ka pō ma mua, ua piʻi mai kekahi mau kaʻa i ukana me nā mea kūʻai aku, me ka pilikia ʻole hiki ke hāpai i kahi hui liʻiliʻi.
ʻAneʻane kokoke i ka pō ke lawe mākou i nā ʻūlū mai ke kalaka; ʻElua mau hola o ka mālamalama i koe a pono mākou e hoʻomaka i ka hele i ke ana, aia ma kahi o 500 m ma mua o ka hōʻea ʻana i ka mahinaʻai ʻo Ojo de Agua. E like me ka maʻa mau, ʻo ke kaula ka pilikia nui ma muli o kona kaupaona: he 250 m a pupule mākou āpau ke ʻike ʻo wai ka "laki" nāna e halihali, no ka mea, eia hou, ua piha nā ʻeke ʻeke i ka wai, nā meaʻai a me nā pono hana. . Ke hoʻāʻo nei e hele i ka māmā, ua noʻonoʻo mākou i ka manaʻo o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi horro e hāpai i ka ukana, akā minamina naʻe ʻaʻole ka mea nāna nā holoholona i laila a ʻo kahi mea ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe ona makemake e lawe iā mākou no ka mea ke ʻeleʻele nei. Me ke kaumaha nui a me nā lā āpau ʻaʻohe a mākou koho ʻē aʻe akā e kau i kā mākou mau ʻūʻī a hoʻomaka e piʻi. A ma laila mākou e hele ai i kahi "pack" o ʻehā mau luhi luhi me 50 m o kēlā me kēia kaula. Hōʻoluʻolu ke anilā o ke awakea a lele ka honi o nā pine i ke kaiapuni. Ke pōʻeleʻele, hoʻomālamalama mākou i nā kukui a hoʻomau i ka hele. I ka mua ua haʻi lākou iā mākou he hele wāwae ʻelua hola ia a ma muli o nā mea i luna ua ʻae mākou e hele i kēlā manawa a me kahi hoʻomoana i ʻole e hele i waho o kā mākou pahuhopu, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi lua i ka pō. Hiamoe mākou ma ka lihi o ke alanui a me nā kukuna mua o ka lā e ʻōwili ana i nā kuahiwi ua hoʻonohonoho mākou i kahi hoʻomoana. Ma kahi mamao wau e lohe ai i ka moa o ka moa e hele mai ana mai kahi kauhale i kapa ʻia ʻo El Naranjo, piʻi wau iā ia e nīnau e pili ana i ka Socavón a haʻi ʻoluʻolu ka mea nona mākou e lawe iā mākou.
Ke hoʻomau nei mākou i ka piʻi ʻana i ke ala i kahi puʻu kahi i waiho ʻia kahi puka lāʻau i waenakonu o kahi ʻāina ulu nani. Hoʻomaka mākou e iho a hiki koke, i kahi mamao, ʻike mākou i kahi sinkhole nani a hoʻokau i ka hopena e hiki ai iā mākou ke hana i ka lua. Pīhoihoi, wikiwiki mākou a hele i kahi ala i uhi ʻia me nā lau nahele e alakaʻi pololei ana i ka lua hohonu kahi i noho ai kēia lua nani.
Hoʻonui ʻia ka nani o ka ʻāina e kahi ʻāpana o nā ʻoka, e lele ana i ka lewa ma luna o ka waha o ka hohonu, hoʻokipa iā mākou me ka pīhoihoi pupule a laila lilo lākou iā lākou iho i waena o nā mea kanu hauʻoli i loko o ka lua.
E HOLO ANA I KONA LOA
Ke nānā wikiwiki nei i ka hale haʻahaʻa a me kāna palapala ʻāina e hōʻike ana e pono e hana i ka iho mai ka kiʻekiʻe o ka waha. Waiho mākou i kekahi o nā meaʻai a me nā mea ʻē aʻe a mākou e hoʻohana ʻole ai ma kahakai a piʻi kā mākou alakaʻi aloha i ka ʻaoʻao hema a puni ka waha a wehe i ke ala me ka machete. Hahai mākou iā ia me nā pono pono a me ke akahele.
I kahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe liʻiliʻi, hoʻopaʻa wau i ke kaula i kahi lāʻau mānoanoa a hoʻohaʻahaʻa iaʻu iho a hiki i ka wā ʻole, mai kahi e nānā ai au i ka lalo o ka pana mua a me ka funnel nui piha i nā mea kanu. Hele mākou i kekahi mau mika hou a koho i kahi o ka moʻokūʻauhau, a mākou e hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
He mea nui e haʻi aku i ka topografia o kēia lua i hana ʻia e nā ʻAmelika e hōʻike hewa ana, ma muli o ke kū ʻole ʻana o ka pana e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia, mai ka 95 m, ma hope o ke kahawai e hana ana i ka funnel, kekahi ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka iho a ke kumu e nalowale ke koʻokoʻo a ʻeʻe aʻe ma kahi o 5 m ma lalo o ka waihona o ka lumi o loko nui, e hana ana i ka mahele ma kēia wahi, a he 10 m ke anawaena.
E iho wau ma aneʻi, e nānā i ka moʻomeheu o ka ʻau a piʻi hou i luna e hoʻoneʻe i ke kau ʻana i kekahi mau mika a ʻike i ka hiki ke hele pololei ke kaula ma waena o ka punawai. Ke hele nei mākou ma waena o ka heleuma a ʻo kaʻu hoa Alejandro kēia e iho mai ana; ma hope o kekahi mau minuke lohe ʻia kona leo mai ke ala ... manuahi! a noi aku i kekahi e iho i lalo. ʻO kā Carlos manawa e hui pū me Alejandro e hoʻonohonoho i ka lua o ka pana. Hoʻopili ʻia ka iho o kēia ʻāpana i ka paia ma kahi o nā puna (ʻo ka nui loa, nā mea hope loa, nā ana ma waena o 40 a me 50 m) kahi e nui ai ka hakakā ma ke kaula, ʻoiai ke kōkua nei nā kapuaʻi i hoʻolōʻihi ʻia e hana. ihi i ka paia. ʻO kahi kikoʻī nui; Pono pono e makaʻala i ʻole e kaulaʻi ke kaula i ka hiki ʻana i nā ʻaʻa, kahi mea hoʻonāukiuki, no laila e ʻōlelo ʻia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa wale i ka nui e pono ai e kiʻi iā lākou. Ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke ana mua, hiki iā ʻoe ke hui me kekahi kanaka ʻē aʻe e hoʻopili i ka ʻāpana hope loa a hiki i ke koena o ka hui ke iho me ka pilikia ʻole.
Maliʻa paha no kekahi poʻe e hoʻomaka nei i kēia hana nani, mālama nui ʻia ke mālama ʻana i nā kaula, akā me ka manawa a me ka ʻike, keu hoʻi i loaʻa i ka iho ʻana i kahi hohonu nui, ʻike lākou he mea ʻole ia. kēlā ola ka mea e kau ana ma luna o lākou.
I ka pau ʻana o ke kī ʻana, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia kahi ala o kahi o 65 ° pali a 50 m ka lōʻihi, i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi hōʻiliʻili nui o nā palaka i hāʻule, ka huahana o ka hāʻule kahiko. Ma kēia ʻāpana hope loa ka papahele i hana ʻia me ka sedimentation o ka pōhaku paʻa, ka lepo i hoʻohui ʻia a me nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi; Aia kekahi mau stalagmite ma kahi o 1m kiʻekiʻe, a me kekahi mau lāʻau i hāʻule mai waho, huki ʻia paha e ka wai a hana i ke ahi e ʻoluʻolu i ka noho ma ke anu.
ʻOiai e ʻimi ana ko mākou mau hoa i lalo, ʻo mākou e noho mau nei e hoʻomanawanui i kahi pulu weliweli; I kahi mau minuke a me ka ʻole e hāʻawi iā mākou i ka manawa no kekahi mea, huhū ke ʻano me mākou. He mea kupaianaha ka hekili a me ka lani ʻaneʻane ʻeleʻele a ke hoʻāʻo nei mākou e uhi iā mākou iho ma waena o nā kumulāʻau, hiki mai ka ua nui iā mākou mai nā ʻaoʻao āpau. ʻAʻohe puʻuhonua e pale aku ai iā mākou a pono mākou e noho ma ka lihi o ka hohonu, e nānā ana i nā hanana i manaʻo ʻole ʻia, ʻoiai ua hemo nā poloka nui ʻelua ma muli o ka wai ʻoluʻolu a maikaʻi ʻole ka pilikia o kā mākou mau hoa i lalo, akā hoʻoweliweli lākou iā lākou. . Pōlohelohe loa mākou ʻaʻole e noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka ʻaina awakea e hauʻoli iā mākou. He manaʻo ko Martín o ka hana ʻana i ka lua ahi a nīnau mai iā mākou inā manaʻo mākou e pulu ka wahie.
Me ka skepticism nui ma kaʻu ʻaoʻao, pane wau i ka maikaʻi ʻole, hoʻopili ʻia i kuʻu lima e kokoke ana i kahi pōhaku a hiamoe. Holo mālie ka manawa a ala wau e ka ʻalalā ʻana o nā lālā ke pau lākou i ke ahi. Ua hoʻokō ʻo Martín i ka mea hiki ʻole ke hiki; hele mākou i ke ahi hoʻomoana a me kahi leʻaleʻa o ka wela e holo i loko o ko mākou ʻili; Hoʻomaka ka nui o ka mahu e puka mai i waho o kā mākou lole a, ke maloʻo, hoʻi mākou i ko mākou ʻuhane.
ʻO ka pō kēia e lohe ai mākou i ka leo o Carlos i ala aʻe. Ua hoʻomākaukau mākou i ke kopa wela a me ka wai momona a mākou e hāʻawi aku ai ke lawe ʻia nā mea hana; i kekahi manawa ma hope ua haʻalele ʻo Alejandro a hoʻomaikaʻi mākou iā lākou. Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka pahuhopu, no nā mea āpau ka lanakila a manaʻo wale mākou e hiamoe ana e ke ahi hoʻomoana. I ka lā aʻe, ma hope o ka ʻaina kakahiaka loa kahi e luku ai mākou i nā mea āpau e ʻai ai, lawe mākou i ke kaula a nānā i nā mea. ʻO ke awakea ia me ka manaʻo kaumaha e haʻi aku i ka maikaʻi iā El Socavón a hoʻomaka mākou e iho i nā kuahiwi luhi. Hoʻopau ʻia kā mākou mālama nui o ka ikehu i loko o kahi pāʻani kinipōpō kolohe me nā keiki o ke kaona, kahi e hoʻopau ai i ko mākou noho liʻuliʻu i ka Sierra Gorda kaulana ma Queretaro, no ka mea e hoʻomau mau ana ʻo El Socavón ma laila, ke kali nei no ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loko.
Noho ʻia ka Socavón e kahi poʻe liʻiliʻi o nā ʻoka, ʻaʻole i aʻo ʻia i kēia manawa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻōlelo ʻo Sprouse (1984) no ka Aratinga holochlora paha lākou, kahi like a ka poʻe e noho ana i ka Sótano de las Golondrinas kaulana, kokoke i ia wahi.
Puna: Un Mexico Mexico No. 223 / Kepakemapa 1995
