I ko mākou hōʻea ʻana i ka waha o ka Busilhá, kahi hoʻoilina o ka muliwai Usumacinta, ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke manaʻoʻiʻo i ka mea a mākou i ʻike ai: kahi wailele hanohano a hanohano hoʻi, nona ke mele he mele kūlohelohe ia.
ʻO ka Lacandon Jungle, aia ma ka hema hikina o Mekiko, ma ka mokuʻāina ʻo Chiapas, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā wahi paʻa hope loa o nā ululāʻau wela i ʻAmelika Hema. Ma muli o kona ʻano kūlohelohe, he mea nui ia ma ke ʻano he regulator o ke aniau a me ka ua; ʻO nā lau nahele o ka Lacandon Jungle o ke ʻano i kapa ʻia he ulu ulu mau loa a me nā ululāʻau mau, ʻo ke aniau he 22 mau makahiki C ka awelika a ʻoi aku ka ua ma mua o 2,500 cm3 i kēlā me kēia makahiki; i kona panalāʻau nui kahi o nā muliwai nui o ko mākou ʻāina i loaʻa i kāna papa, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Padre Usumacinta" e nā kamaʻāina.
No ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi manaʻo o kona olaola, ua lawa ia e ʻōlelo ai aia ma mua o 15 tausani mau ʻanoʻano o nā pēpē pō, 65 nā ʻāpana iʻa, 84 mau ʻano o nā mea kolo, 300 o nā manu a me 163 o nā mea hānai manu, a me nā ʻohana amphibians e 2 mau kauoha a me 6 mau ʻohana.
Nui nā hana i mālama ʻia i loko o ka Lala Lacandon: mai ka huahua a i ka huki ʻana, ma o nā mahi mahiʻai, mālama a me nā hana huakaʻi. I ka hihia hope, ʻo ka Lacandona - e like me ka ʻike - ʻike ʻia he mana nui e hiki ke hoʻoholo pono ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka wahi, a me ke ʻano o ka loaʻa kālā o ka loaʻa kālā no nā kamaʻāina kūloko.
ʻO Ecotourism - hoʻomaopopo ʻia ma ke ʻano he kuleana kuleana, kuhikuhi nui ʻia i nā wahi undisturbed a undisturbed paha - ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea hana maikaʻi loa e paipai i ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau me nā pono o ka hoʻokele waiwai kūloko a me ka mālama ʻana iā Lacandona.
I mea e ʻike ai i kekahi o nā mea kupaianaha o kēia kihi o Mexico, ua hoʻoholo mākou e huakaʻi i ka ululāʻau, i hoʻomaka ʻia ma Palenque, kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale nui o Maya o ka wā kahiko e hui pū me Bonampak, Toniná a me Yaxchilán. komo nā mea nui Maya i kēia wahi - me ka hoʻēmi ʻole i ka mea nui o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe kahi i koe pū kekahi o ka lāhui i kēlā manawa, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā palena a pāhola ʻia ma waena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka huakaʻi e ʻike i kekahi o nā kahawai i loaʻa i loko o ka pūnaewele hydrological paʻakikī o Lacandon Jungle, i kapa ʻia ma Mayabusilháo "ipu wai". Hele mākou i ke ala hele mai Palenque a i ka ululāʻau ma ke alaloa o ka palena hema; ma ka kilomika 87 ke kaiāulu o Nueva Esperanza Progresista, ka hoʻoilina o nā waiwai liʻiliʻi nona ka hapa hope o ka muliwai.
ʻO kā mākou pili mua ka mea hoʻohana o kahi minibus ma ke ala ʻo Nueva Esperanza Progresista-Palenque. (Haʻalele ʻo ia i ke kaiāulu ma 6:00 a hoʻi i ka 2:00 o ke ahiahi, no laila inā makemake ʻoe e hele i kēlā ala aia ʻoe i Palenque ma 11:00 o ke kakahiaka. kilomita 87 kahi āu e lawe ai i kahi huna lepo o 3 mau kilomita i ke kikowaena o ke kūlanakauhale. Ma ʻaneʻi kahi i hoʻomaka ai ka huakaʻi a me kā mākou aʻo ʻana i nā wā i hala iho nei o ka ululāʻau, mahalo iā Don Aquiles Ramírez nāna, i ka hui o kāna keiki, alakaʻi iā mākou ma nā ala like ʻole.
ʻO ka ʻāpana mua o ka huakaʻi i ke kahawai ʻo Busilhá hiki ke hana ʻia ma ka wāwae a i ʻole ke kalaka ma o ke āpau i kahi kūlana maikaʻi, hiki i ke kaʻa ke lawe i nā pono hana e hana ʻia ai ka iho mai ka muliwai Usumacinta a hiki i ka mokuʻāina ʻo Tabasco; Maʻaneʻi e nalowale kēia kahawai i kāna ala a hoʻopau i nā wahi i hiki mai ka wai, kahi e hōʻike ai i kahi huakaʻi lua ʻole i nā wai mālie a kūpikipiki hoʻi. Ua hele mākou ma nā waiwai liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā mahi hānai nona nā hana nui ka mahiʻai a me nā holoholona, a ʻike mākou me ka ʻole o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana he liʻiliʻi nā mea ulu maoli: ʻike wale mākou i nā wahi mahiʻai a me nā māla kulina.
ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻelua o ka ʻāpana he 7.3 km mai ke kaiāulu a hiki i ka nuku o ka muliwai. I kēia manawa ua hui pū ʻia nā mea kanu i hoʻololi ʻia me nā mea kūlohelohe o ka ʻāina, a ke hoʻokokoke aku nei mākou i ko mākou wahi i hele ai ʻike mākou i nā mea kūlohelohe ʻē aʻe, e like me nā mea kanu, nā lāʻau nui, nā manu a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe. ʻO kahi ala ʻē aʻe e hele ai ma laila mai Frontera Corozal, kahi kūlanakauhale o Chol kahi i kū ma 170 km mai Palenque a ka hikina. Mai aneʻi hiki hiki ke iho i ke kahawai ʻo Usumacinta a hiki i ka waha o ka Busilhá.
Hānau ʻia ka muliwai ʻo Busilhá ma ka hui o ka muliwai ʻo Lacantún - mai ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka Lāʻau Lacandona - me nā muliwai ʻo Pasión a me Salinas - kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana ʻākau o Guatemala-. Hoʻonui ʻia kona kahawai ma kahi o 80 km wale nō mai ka pā o Lacandón, ma kahi i kapa ʻia ʻo El Desempeño, holo i loko o nā kaiāulu a hiki i kona hopena a hāʻawi i ka mahalo i ka Usumacinta, a me nā kahawai ʻē aʻe o kēia pūnaewele hydrological paʻakikī. .
Hāʻawi kahi huakaʻi o ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka ululāʻau i kahi moʻolelo o kāna mōʻaukala hou: nā ʻāina nui i wehe ʻia i nā holoholona a me nā mahiʻai, kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka lūlū ʻana i nā kolamu āpau (Zea mays) a me ka chili (Capsicum annum). Akā ma waena o kēia a me nā kapa o nā kahawai ʻike mākou i nā mea kanu o ia wahi, e like me ka lāʻau ʻulaʻula (Cedrela odorata), mahogany (Swietenia macrophilla), jovillo (Astronium graolens) ma waena o nā lianas (Monstera sp.) A me nā ʻano pāma. .
Lele nā manu ma luna o mākou e ʻimi i ka meaʻai a i ʻole kahi e hele ai; ʻo ka touchan (Ramphastus sulfuratus), nā nūnū a me nā parakeets he ʻano maʻamau; ʻoiai mākou e kiaʻi ana iā lākou hiki iā mākou ke hoʻolohe i nā leo uē o nā mōʻī howler (Alouatta pigra) a ʻoluʻolu i ka hiʻona i hana ʻia e nā otters (Lontra ngicaudis) ke ʻauʻau i ka muliwai. Ma ka ʻāina he mau raccoons kekahi, armadillos a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe paʻakikī e nānā ma muli o kā lākou maʻamau.
ʻO nā kamaʻāina o ko lākou kaiāulu ʻo Esperanza Progresista, e like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, ka manaolana o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana ecotourism. He kaiāulu o nā ʻona liʻiliʻi i hoʻomaka ʻia ma 22 mau makahiki i hala aku nei me nā poʻe i hele mai Macuspana (Tabasco), Palenque a me Pichucalco (Chipas). ʻO kā mākou alakaʻi, ʻo Don Aquiles Ramírez, 60 mau makahiki, ka mea hoʻokumu o kēia kolone a me ka ʻike nui i ka ululāʻau, haʻi iā mākou: "Ua hele au i ka ululāʻau 37 mau makahiki i hala, ua haʻalele wau i koʻu wahi i hānau mai ai no ka mea ʻaʻohe ʻāina i Hana mākou a ʻo nā mea ʻona nāna lākou e mālama iā mākou e like me nā limahana nūnū. "
Me ka pani ʻana o ka lawe lāʻau ʻana e nā ʻoihana, aia ma nā kahawai nui o ka Lacandon Jungle (Jataté, Usumacinta, Chocolhá, Busilhá, Perlas, etc.), ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kaiāulu liʻiliʻi i ka nahele. Me ka wehe ʻana o nā alanui no ka lawe ʻana i ka aila, ua noho kolone ʻia e nā poʻe i hele mai ka ʻākau a me ke kikowaena o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Chiapas. Ua loaʻa i nā hui he nui i kā lākou mau hoʻonā agrarian me nā ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia i nā kānāwai o ke kaiāulu ʻo Lacandona a me ka Montes Azules Reserve ponoʻī.
Me ka ʻāpono o ka ʻāina a me ke hoʻokumu ʻana o ke Kaiāulu ʻo Lacandon ma waena o 1972 a me 1976, ua neʻe ʻia nā kaiāulu liʻiliʻi i nā wahi i kapa ʻia ʻo New Population Centres, ka mea i loaʻa ʻole ka puka piha e ka poʻe noho o ka ʻāina.
Ma waena o nā kaomi o nā ʻoihana kālai lāʻau a me nā hakakā kaiapili kūloko, i ka makahiki 1975 i hōʻea ke ahi i pālahalaha ma mua o 50 tausani maueka a mau ka lōʻihi o kekahi mau mahina. Ua pau nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe ma ka ʻākau o ka ululāʻau a ua lilo kahi ʻāpana maikaʻi o ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia i wahi hānai a me ka ʻāina mahiʻai.
Ma hope o nā makahiki he nui, ua hiki mai ke ala; me ia, ka halihali a me nā malihini kipa he nui e makemake ana e mahalo i nā wahi nahele kūlohelohe i kekahi o nā moku Mekiko me ka ʻokoʻa a me ka moʻomeheu.
ʻO kekahi o nā mea maikaʻi o nā ala pākea a aspphalt paha ia e kōkua i ka ʻike o nā wahi kūlohelohe, archaeological a moʻomeheu i pani ʻia ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o ke komo, akā ʻo ka mea maikaʻi ʻole ʻaʻole e nānā pono ʻia a ʻoluʻolu piha paha. Hoʻohui ʻia, nā hopena kaiaola i hana ʻia e nā alanui a me ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻolālā ʻia e hōʻino i ka waiwai kūlohelohe a me ka moʻomeheu e noho pū ana i kēia mau wahi, a ke holo nei lākou i ka makaʻu o ka nalo mau loa ʻana.
Ma waena o nā kamaʻilio ʻana me Don Aquiles a me kāna keiki, ua hele mākou i loko o ka ululāʻau a hiki i ko mākou wahi i hele aku ai. Meandering mai kahi mamao aku mahalo mākou i ka muliwai i hele mai a hoʻomau i kona ala; ua hōʻea mākou i kona waha a, e like me ka pale o nā momi ʻolokaʻa, me he mea lā ua uku ʻo ia i ke kumukūʻai kaumaha no kona ʻaʻa ʻana i ke alo ʻana i kahi colossus. Hāʻawi ke kahawai ʻo Busilhá i ka wā e hui ai me ka Usumacinta, ʻaʻole i emi ma mua o kāna iho.
Ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o ke kiʻekiʻe, hana ka waha o ka Busilhá i kahi wailele kupaianaha. Aia ia, hanohano a hanohano hoʻi, me kahi kulu mua he ʻehiku mau mika ke kiʻekiʻe a ma hope e hana ana i nā pae ʻokoʻa me he mea lā e kahakaha ana kāna hoʻokupu.
Ma hope o ka mahalo iā ia a leʻaleʻa i nā minuke poina ʻole o ka noʻonoʻo a me ka mahalo i ke kaiapuni, ua hoʻoholo mākou e ʻau i kāna wai a ʻimi iā ia. Kōkua ʻia e ke kaula i iho mākou ma waena o nā pōhaku e moe ana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka lele mua a i loko o ka loko wai i hana ʻia ua hiki iā mākou ke komo i loko o ka wai. Ua kono mai nā pae iā mākou e hoʻāʻo e hāhai i kā lākou papa, ʻoiai mākou i noʻonoʻo ʻo ka ʻanuʻu ʻelua wale nō ka mea i hiki ai iā mākou ke lele me ka ʻole o ka pilikia.
Ke piʻi aʻe ka muliwai Usumacinta i ke kau ua, uhi ʻia nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka wailele a ʻelua wale nā mea kanu i koe; ʻaʻole naʻe me kēia ka emi o ka nani o ka wailele. Ke hele nei i kahi huakaʻi huakaʻi ma o kēia ʻāpana o ka Usumacinta he mea kupaianaha a he manawa kū hoʻokahi e launa me ke kūlohelohe.
Pēlā e pau ai kēia ʻike ma ka Lāa Lacandon. ʻO ka nui o kā mākou hele wāwae, ʻo ka nui o ka ʻike i ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike.
